YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community


Welcome to the YorkieTalk.com Forums Community - the community for Yorkshire Terriers.

You are currently viewing our boards as a guest which gives you limited access to view most discussions and access our other features. By joining our free community you will have access to post topics, communicate privately with other members (PM), respond to polls, upload content and access many other special features. You will be able to chat with over 35,000 YorkieTalk members, read over 2,000,000 posted discussions, and view more than 15,000 Yorkie photos in the YorkieTalk Photo Gallery after you register. We would love to have you as a member!

Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free so please, join our community today!

If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please click here to contact us.

Go Back   YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community > Breeding / Showing / Traveling > Breeder Talk
Register Blogs FAQ Calendar

Closed Thread
 
LinkBack Thread Tools
Old 02-18-2010, 04:37 PM   #16
No Longer a Member
 
Breezeaway's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Wildcat Country(KY)
Posts: 2,114
Blog Entries: 26
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
This is one reason I don't recommend people buy parti's, the breeders tend to breed the sire and dams to the offspring, there is too much inbreeding being done. The dog you buy was probably inbred, and now you want to do it, to rush the process. Remember, there's a difference between line breeding and inbreeding. You are just asking for genetic problems when you do this, and the poor puppy buyer pays the price.
That is just plain wrong for you to say such a thing.. Making such blanket statements like all partis are inbred is just a blatant lie. My partis are not inbred, and most I have encountered are not either . The parti has now had lots of years of breeding into traditonals that there is no reason to inbreed. Nancy don't post statements that you know nothing about.
Breezeaway is offline  
Welcome Guest!
Not Registered?

Join today and remove this ad!

Old 02-18-2010, 05:34 PM   #17
Do you like Parti's?"
Donating Member
 
kpstoybox's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: Michigan
Posts: 2,337
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
This is one reason I don't recommend people buy parti's, the breeders tend to breed the sire and dams to the offspring, there is too much inbreeding being done. The dog you buy was probably inbred, and now you want to do it, to rush the process. Remember, there's a difference between line breeding and inbreeding. You are just asking for genetic problems when you do this, and the poor puppy buyer pays the price.
The parti's were inbred and line bred...just like the Biewers were as their numbers were scarce at first. In fact...all purebred dogs were inbred at one time. As you know...that is how size, type, color & markings were set in a breed. Some show breeders will still breed a father to a daughter, mother to a son...to cement a feature such as head, ear set, top line, coat, etc. Are you also going to reccomend that people stay away from show breeders because one or two of their numbers inbreed? I would hope not.

There are thousands of parti's and their carrier's registered with the AKC. There is no need to inbreed in this day and age of the variety. I for one...have not heard of any parti breeders purposely inbreeding their parti's.

Using something like this to scare people away from the parti yorkie is just wrong.
__________________
Karen and the PartiTime Kids
There's always a parti at my house!
kpstoybox is offline  
Old 02-18-2010, 06:40 PM   #18
YT 500 Club Member
 
yorkielady06's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Up North
Posts: 808
Default

I was not talking about inbreeding in any way shape or form!! Would never even suggest that. My parti female is not related to any of my dogs. The parti male I used was from another breeder and not related....and the pup I am keeping will be bred to my little guy I just purchased (4 weeks old) after he gets here, goes through lots of medical testing..ie the eyes, knees, hips and bile acid testing prior to ever being bred to one of my girls.
I was trying to explain that a parti male with a standard female will not produce a parti puppy. They both must have parti in their lines and even then the only way to get a parti for sure is to breed one parti to another parti (unrelated of course).
So to answer your question...
The offspring would all be carriers, but would not be full partis... breed a carrier to another parti and get half the puppies parti and half carriers if you are lucky...
Tammy
yorkielady06 is offline  
Old 02-18-2010, 06:45 PM   #19
Do you like Parti's?"
Donating Member
 
kpstoybox's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: Michigan
Posts: 2,337
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by luvdorkyyorkies View Post
Thank you very much for the info!

What a process!


SO if I buy a parti male, the male and female will not produce parti puppies but their babies will?
It took me close to 4 years to produce my first parti litter. I just posted updated pics of them in the nursery.

Even though I am very happy with this litter..I still have miles to go to get the conformation and consistancy the parti yorkie badly needs to be taken seriously by those who could one day vote it into it's own variety class.

For me..I started with a cute little female I knew was a carrier. I bred her to a friends very nice carrier male twice...and had two nice litters from the pair. I ended up getting two carrier females nice enough to keep back from those litters. During this time...I started my search for the nicest parti male I could find. I am not rich (far from it)...so this was the hard part. I contacted many breeders and most were just too expensive with no guarantee's. I thank my lucky stars that I found my boy when I did. I had to have him shipped in from Colorado...but I knew he was special when I first saw him. He is a very nice male with good bite, OFA patella's, cerf clear, bile acid tested normal.

But that was the hardest part of my search. Finding a male I liked and could afford, that had a normal bite, knee's and both boys "out da house"!! LOL

The health testing comes later..and then you have to hold your breath during that.

For me...it was worth all the time and money I invested in my dogs. I am so very proud of them.
__________________
Karen and the PartiTime Kids
There's always a parti at my house!
kpstoybox is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 01:33 PM   #20
Princess Poop A Lot
Donating Member
 
livingdustmops's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Colorado
Posts: 6,728
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
This is one reason I don't recommend people buy parti's, the breeders tend to breed the sire and dams to the offspring, there is too much inbreeding being done. The dog you buy was probably inbred, and now you want to do it, to rush the process. Remember, there's a difference between line breeding and inbreeding. You are just asking for genetic problems when you do this, and the poor puppy buyer pays the price.
Nancy, I agree with Breezeaway and Karen on this one. You might want to pick up Malcolm B. Willis book "Genetics of the Dog" to fully understand what line breeding and inbreeding really is and how it will different for each breed of dog. You have to look at the pedigree's to see this and the Parti's were not as inbred once they hit the states For the most part they have always been bred back to Yorkies. The Parti breeders have not been breeding Parti to Parti but have gone back into the Yorkie lines and they are not breeding father to daughter to get a Parti as you implied. The Biewer breeders in Germany still breed back to Yorkies (I am guessing because to many dogs died) but for some reason many people here in the states are only breeding Biewer to Biewer.

Even though the Parti's and the Biewers came from the same kennel in England they both took different paths in terms of inbreeding/linebreeding and the Biewer was much more inbreed (by Mr. Biewer) than the Parti's (you can see this in the pedigree's if you are interested). Breezeaway has all of this listed on her website along with the history of the Biewers and the Parti's.
__________________
Cindy & The Rescued Gang
Puppies Are Not Products!

Last edited by livingdustmops; 02-19-2010 at 01:34 PM.
livingdustmops is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 01:38 PM   #21
I ♥ Joey & Ralphie!
Donating Member
 
Nancy1999's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Arizona
Posts: 25,396
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by livingdustmops View Post
Nancy, I agree with Breezeaway and Karen on this one. You might want to pick up Malcolm B. Willis book "Genetics of the Dog" to fully understand what line breeding and inbreeding really is and how it will different for each breed of dog. You have to look at the pedigree's to see this and the Parti's were not as inbred once they hit the states For the most part they have always been bred back to Yorkies. The Parti breeders have not been breeding Parti to Parti but have gone back into the Yorkie lines and they are not breeding father to daughter to get a Parti as you implied. The Biewer breeders in Germany still breed back to Yorkies (I am guessing because to many dogs died) but for some reason many people here in the states are only breeding Biewer to Biewer.

Even though the Parti's and the Biewers came from the same kennel in England they both took different paths in terms of inbreeding/linebreeding and the Biewer was much more inbreed (by Mr. Biewer) than the Parti's (you can see this in the pedigree's if you are interested). Breezeaway has all of this listed on her website along with the history of the Biewers and the Parti's.
I was responding to this remark:

Quote:
SO if I buy a parti male, the male and female will not produce parti puppies but their babies will?
__________________
Nancy1999 is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 01:51 PM   #22
Princess Poop A Lot
Donating Member
 
livingdustmops's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Colorado
Posts: 6,728
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
I was responding to this remark:
Your quote still does not make genetic sense to me..I get the impression you think the Parti breeders are breeding father to daughter to finally get the white.
__________________
Cindy & The Rescued Gang
Puppies Are Not Products!
livingdustmops is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 02:05 PM   #23
I ♥ Joey & Ralphie!
Donating Member
 
Nancy1999's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Arizona
Posts: 25,396
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by livingdustmops View Post
Your quote still does not make genetic sense to me..I get the impression you think the Parti breeders are breeding father to daughter to finally get the white.
No, but you can skip a step if you do this, I believe that some people are getting into breeding parti's because they can make money from it. I believe that some breeders are selling parti puppies and carriers and actually encouraging people to breed them. The problem I see with one trait breeding is that they are only looking at this trait and not the other traits. For those breeders who don't do this, good for you, but I would think you can see that it is a problem. How many of you sell puppies with breeding rights? How can you know if a 12-week-old puppy is breed worthy?
__________________
Nancy1999 is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 02:21 PM   #24
Princess Poop A Lot
Donating Member
 
livingdustmops's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Colorado
Posts: 6,728
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
No, but you can skip a step if you do this, I believe that some people are getting into breeding parti's because they can make money from it. I believe that some breeders are selling parti puppies and carriers and actually encouraging people to breed them. The problem I see with one trait breeding is that they are only looking at this trait and not the other traits. For those breeders who don't do this, good for you, but I would think you can see that it is a problem. How many of you sell puppies with breeding rights? How can you know if a 12-week-old puppy is breed worthy?
Still confused on your skipping a step comment...Genetically you can't (F1's, F2's etc..)

BUT I do agree with you that some breeders are into making money just like the majority of Yorkie breeders. Seriously please go to PARTI YORKSHIRE TERRIER CLUB - Home to read about the history of these dogs and the history of Yorkies around the turn of the century. Breezeaway has done an incredible job with this website..and has complete documentation on books written during this time. She has stud books and many newspaper articles that really tell the story.

I do not believe it is one gene breeding any different than the one gene breeding of Yorkies.

I don't think you can point fingers at Parti breeders or Biewer breeders without pointing fingers at Yorkie breeders..
__________________
Cindy & The Rescued Gang
Puppies Are Not Products!
livingdustmops is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 02:44 PM   #25
I ♥ Joey & Ralphie!
Donating Member
 
Nancy1999's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Arizona
Posts: 25,396
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by livingdustmops View Post
Still confused on your skipping a step comment...Genetically you can't (F1's, F2's etc..)

BUT I do agree with you that some breeders are into making money just like the majority of Yorkie breeders. Seriously please go to PARTI YORKSHIRE TERRIER CLUB - Home to read about the history of these dogs and the history of Yorkies around the turn of the century. Breezeaway has done an incredible job with this website..and has complete documentation on books written during this time. She has stud books and many newspaper articles that really tell the story.

I do not believe it is one gene breeding any different than the one gene breeding of Yorkies.

I don't think you can point fingers at Parti breeders or Biewer breeders without pointing fingers at Yorkie breeders..
I don't point fingers at any specific breeders, I never recommend anyone, I just say what I think is important to look for in a breeder and people can take my advice or leave it. I have read of breeders who breed father to daughter, and it is my opinion that this shouldn't be done.

Concerning one trait breeding, I'm not talking about one gene breeding and don't understand what you mean, one trait breeding is looking at only one trait and breeding for that, overlooking other important qualities. For example, I believe that teacup breeders are often one trait breeders.
__________________
Nancy1999 is offline  
Old 02-19-2010, 03:04 PM   #26
Princess Poop A Lot
Donating Member
 
livingdustmops's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Colorado
Posts: 6,728
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
I don't point fingers at any specific breeders, I never recommend anyone, I just say what I think is important to look for in a breeder and people can take my advice or leave it. I have read of breeders who breed father to daughter, and it is my opinion that this shouldn't be done.

Concerning one trait breeding, I'm not talking about one gene breeding and don't understand what you mean, one trait breeding is looking at only one trait and breeding for that, overlooking other important qualities. For example, I believe that teacup breeders are often one trait breeders.
I believe that health should be number one both physically and mentally. I believe that only experienced or very well educated (in genetics) breeders should be breeding father to daughter...I also believe people should be able to read pedigree's and not just for 3 generations...Some of the most famous lines of Yorkies were linebred/inbred which may account for the high level of LS in these dogs...that is why the Yorkshire Foundation gave a grant to Dr. Tobias to try and figure it out...Dr. Centers is now working with this issue.

What I loved with Debbie's website (LOWOOD FARM - Parti History) along with PARTI YORKSHIRE TERRIER CLUB - Home
is the books that were written from the breeding world on dogs that were thrown into the Yorkies and I love she has newspaper clippings. I see so many people say "we will never know" when Debbie has books that state what was going on. She also has tons of studbooks posted on her website that I have never seen a Yorkie breeder do.

I also get upset when breeders won't do their homework or study the health in these dogs and understand what the piebald recessive gene/irish spotting could be doing to these dogs. I get upset with Yorkie breeders that don't have a clue...

I do understand you love the standard Yorkshire Terrier.
__________________
Cindy & The Rescued Gang
Puppies Are Not Products!

Last edited by livingdustmops; 02-19-2010 at 03:07 PM.
livingdustmops is offline  
Old 02-21-2010, 11:23 PM   #27
No Longer a Member
 
Join Date: Mar 2007
Location: With My Beautiful Fur Babies!
Posts: 5,525
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Nancy1999 View Post
No, but you can skip a step if you do this, I believe that some people are getting into breeding parti's because they can make money from it. I believe that some breeders are selling parti puppies and carriers and actually encouraging people to breed them. The problem I see with one trait breeding is that they are only looking at this trait and not the other traits. For those breeders who don't do this, good for you, but I would think you can see that it is a problem. How many of you sell puppies with breeding rights? How can you know if a 12-week-old puppy is breed worthy?
Make money??? Selling parti/carriers and encouraging someone to breed them?? Nancy, you are doing a lot of assuming in this thread. I also do not know of anyone breeding like you said that the parti breeders are doing. I cannot speak for others, but NO, I did NOT sell Livi's first puppy with breeding rights...nor do I plan to with her current three. I have had people PM and ask me about the girls and selling them with full registration....I have actually discouraged them from risking their female's life and have also told them that my puppies will not be sold with full rights. As for making money......:eek : I am soooooooo far in the hole it's crazy!!!!! Just what I spent to keep Livi and her babies alive in the first week would have bought me a very nice quailty Yorkie. Not to mention, every other expense that I have had and will have.

I don't know why you seem to think that parti breeders are so awful. I get that you appreciate the standard looking Yorkie, but that does not mean those of us that love the beautiful tricolor are horrible breeders. The parti breeders that I personally know are wonderful, trustworthy people. I cannot say that about the show breeder that I purchased my traditional girl from.

Last edited by TammyJM; 02-21-2010 at 11:25 PM.
TammyJM is offline  
Old 02-22-2010, 06:15 AM   #28
YT 500 Club Member
 
yorkielady06's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Up North
Posts: 808
Default

I am shocked to think that a person is so closed minded about a color and will lump all breeders of color in one category and make a blanket statement about them, yet does not recognize the horrible breeding practices that many show breeders take part in. I would look inward before pointing any fingers at anyone. As for making money, I for one have lost large quantities of money on breeding, from traditionals and from the Yorkies of color. Investing in a stud male from a reputable show breeder with great bloodlines, raising him for over a year, multiple vet bills for all the testing (eyes, knees, bile acids, etc) and normal vet items, care, food, etc... only to have a male that in my opinion is not breed worthy, neutering him and placing him for free in a loving pet home, and starting the process all over. How many of us have done that? I have more than once with males and females. Not counting the mommy checkups and xrays before the birth, the set up for the birth, sleepless nights on end, c-sections,loss of a puppy or a litter, check ups after the birth, tails, dewclaws, shots, check up before going to the new home, standing by a puppy and offering a replacement or money back if something goes wrong...and the list goes on...
I think maybe that what was trying to be said was that there are some unethical breeders out there who should not be breeding, period! Let us not point fingers at a group of breeders just because you do not care for the deviation from the standard color.
Just my opinion of course.
yorkielady06 is offline  
Old 02-22-2010, 09:14 AM   #29
I ♥ Joey & Ralphie!
Donating Member
 
Nancy1999's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Arizona
Posts: 25,396
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by TammyJM View Post
Make money??? Selling parti/carriers and encouraging someone to breed them?? Nancy, you are doing a lot of assuming in this thread. I also do not know of anyone breeding like you said that the parti breeders are doing. I cannot speak for others, but NO, I did NOT sell Livi's first puppy with breeding rights...nor do I plan to with her current three. I have had people PM and ask me about the girls and selling them with full registration....I have actually discouraged them from risking their female's life and have also told them that my puppies will not be sold with full rights. As for making money......:eek : I am soooooooo far in the hole it's crazy!!!!! Just what I spent to keep Livi and her babies alive in the first week would have bought me a very nice quailty Yorkie. Not to mention, every other expense that I have had and will have.

I don't know why you seem to think that parti breeders are so awful. I get that you appreciate the standard looking Yorkie, but that does not mean those of us that love the beautiful tricolor are horrible breeders. The parti breeders that I personally know are wonderful, trustworthy people. I cannot say that about the show breeder that I purchased my traditional girl from.
First of all, I am glad you do not sell your dogs with breeding rights; this is one of the qualities in a breeder that I think is good. I am surprised so many of you are surprised about this though; you do realize that there are breeders who breed for profit? I'm not saying that you will ever make a dime breeding Parti's, in fact, it could turn out to be a very poor investment. I'm only saying that is the motivation factor for many. It is a fad among many breeds, not just yorkies. Not just puppy millers breed for profit. I don't think most breeders breed for the right reasons, not just parti breeders, so I'm not singling parti breeders out.

I never said that the people who breed Parti's were not nice people, their qualities as a human being has very little to do with how they breed. We all know examples of very religious wonderful people, being bad breeders. I'm concerned because so many of you seem to be in denial about the problem, you act like the only people who sell Parti's are your friends and members of Yorkietalk. I have not attacked anyone on a personal level. I wish I didn't feel so strongly about breeding to standard, and why it's important, many of you parti breeders do seem like wonderful people, I wish you wouldn't take my opinions personally. There does seem to be a conscientious group of parti breeders on this forum, however, am I supposed to change my viewpoints because I like you? I do not believe we know enough about the recessive gene yet to breed for it, many maladies attach themselves to the recessive gene, instead of denying this, I hope you keep in contact with puppy buyers, and let others know if something starts cropping up. I also don't think that the Yorkshire terrier has not been a breed long enough to introduce new colors. As a breed, it's only been around about 100 years, and not that many yorkies are being bred with a proper coat. The yorkie standard is a very difficult one to obtain, genetics wise, you need so many things working together. On the other hand, the parti color is NOT a difficult one to obtain. Once you have a parti colored dog, it cannot produce a dog without the parti gene. I guess I could see a time in the future, where it was easy to get a great healthy example of the breed, and at that point I could see why we might like to introduce more variety. I really don't see this now, I wish all breeders were more interested in health, but I don't think more variety in looks should be introduced until we get the health factor under control.
__________________
Nancy1999 is offline  
Old 02-22-2010, 09:23 AM   #30
I ♥ Joey & Ralphie!
Donating Member
 
Nancy1999's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Arizona
Posts: 25,396
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by yorkielady06 View Post
I am shocked to think that a person is so closed minded about a color and will lump all breeders of color in one category and make a blanket statement about them, yet does not recognize the horrible breeding practices that many show breeders take part in. I would look inward before pointing any fingers at anyone. As for making money, I for one have lost large quantities of money on breeding, from traditionals and from the Yorkies of color. Investing in a stud male from a reputable show breeder with great bloodlines, raising him for over a year, multiple vet bills for all the testing (eyes, knees, bile acids, etc) and normal vet items, care, food, etc... only to have a male that in my opinion is not breed worthy, neutering him and placing him for free in a loving pet home, and starting the process all over. How many of us have done that? I have more than once with males and females. Not counting the mommy checkups and xrays before the birth, the set up for the birth, sleepless nights on end, c-sections,loss of a puppy or a litter, check ups after the birth, tails, dewclaws, shots, check up before going to the new home, standing by a puppy and offering a replacement or money back if something goes wrong...and the list goes on...
I think maybe that what was trying to be said was that there are some unethical breeders out there who should not be breeding, period! Let us not point fingers at a group of breeders just because you do not care for the deviation from the standard color.
Just my opinion of course.
I have gone on record many times, saying that just because a person shows, it does not make them a good breeder. Many horrible breeders show. I do think it's very important for a breeder to understand the importance of showing and why it is necessary. When you produce a dog, you will probably not use a critical eye to evaluate it, your friends might lie to you too.

I do think you have to be extreemly careful where you buy your breeding stock from, and it's not something you can rush. Before spending money, I would want to get to know the breeders, they would have to be more than just nice wonderful people.
__________________
Nancy1999 is offline  
Closed Thread

Bookmarks




Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is Off
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are Off




Google
 

SHOP NOW: Amazon :: eBay :: Buy.com :: Newegg :: PetStore :: Petco :: PetSmart


All times are GMT -8. The time now is 12:05 PM.


Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.9
Copyright ©2000 - 2025, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.
Copyright ©2003 - 2018 YorkieTalk.com
Privacy Policy - Terms of Use

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168