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09-25-2006, 09:50 AM | #1 |
YT 6000 Club Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: CA
Posts: 6,588
| Nutrient/mineral requirements for dogs...ADMIN, can we make it a sticky? Vitamins Vitamins are organic compounds that take part in a wide range of metabolic activities. Dogs require vitamins in their food at low concentrations. First noticed in dogs some 75 years ago, vitamin deficiencies can lead to widely ranging clinical abnormalities that reflect the diversity of their metabolic roles. Some vitamins, like niacin, are not only essential in small doses, but also toxic in excess amounts. Following is a list of the functions of vitamins and symptoms of deficiency and excess. The full report also provides recommended daily allowances for these vitamins. Functions Signs of Deficiency/Excess Vitamin A Vision; growth; immune function; fetal development; cellular differentiation; transmembrane protein transfer Anorexia; body weight loss; ataxia; conjunctivitis; corneal disorders; skin lesions; respiratory ailments; increased susceptibility to infection Imbalance in bone remodeling processes; artery and vein degeneration; dehydration; central nervous system depression; joint pain Vitamin D Maintenance of mineral status; skeletal structure; muscle contraction; blood clotting; nerve conduction; cell signaling; phosphorous balance Rickets; lethargy; loss of muscle tone; bone swelling and bending Anorexia; weakness; diarrhea; vomiting; calcification of soft tissue; excessive mineralization of long bones; dehydration; dry and brittle hair; muscle atrophy Vitamin E Defense against oxidative damage via free radical scavenging Degeneration of skeletal muscle; reproductive failure; retinal degeneration Vitamin K Activation of clotting factors, bone proteins and other proteins No reports of naturally occurring deficiencies in normal dogs Vitamin B1 (thiamin) Energy and carbohydrate metabolism; activation of ion channels in neural tissue Failure to grow, weight loss, and neurological abnormalities in puppies; damage to the nervous system and the heart in adult dogs Riboflavin Enzyme functions Anorexia; weight loss; muscular weakness; flaking dermatitis; eye lesions Vitamin B6 Glucose generation; red blood cell function; niacin synthesis; nervous system function; immune response; hormone regulation; gene activation Anorexia and weight loss in puppies; convulsions, muscle twitching, and anemia in adult dogs Impairment of motor control and balance; muscle weakness Niacin Enzyme functions Anorexia; weight loss; irritation and inflammation of the lips, cheeks, and throat; profuse salivation; bloody diarrhea Bloody feces; convulsions Pantothenic Acid Energy metabolism Erratic food intake; sudden prostration or coma; rapid respiratory and heart rates; convulsions; gastrointestinal symptoms; reduced antibody production Vitamin B12 Enzyme functions Appetite loss; lack of white blood cells; anemia; bone marrow changes Folic Acid Amino acid and nucleotide metabolism; mitochondrial protein synthesis Weight loss; decline in hemoglobin concentration Minerals Twelve minerals are known to be essential nutrients for dogs. Dogs can get too much or too little of a specific mineral in their diets. Following is a list of the functions of minerals and symptoms of deficiency and excess. The full report also provides recommended daily allowances for these minerals. Functions Signs of Deficiency/Excess Calcium Formation of bones and teeth; blood coagulation; nerve impulse transmission; muscle contraction; cell signaling Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism; significant decreases in bone mineral content, which can result in major skeletal abnormalities Different types of skeletal aberrations, especially in growing puppies of large breeds Phosphorus Skeletal structure; DNA and RNA structure; energy metabolism; locomotion; acid-base balance Reduced weight gain; poor appetite; bowing and swelling of forelimbs in puppies Magnesium Enzyme functions; muscle and nerve-cell membrane stability; hormone secretion and function; mineral structure of bones and teeth Reduction in weight gain, irritability, and convulsions in puppies; hyperextension of carpal joints and hind-leg paralysis later in life Sodium Acid-base balance; regulation of osmotic pressure; nerve impulse generation and transmission Restlessness; increased heart rate, water intake, and hemoglobin concentration; dry and tacky mucous membranes Potassium Acid-base balance; nerve-impulse transmission; enzymatic reactions; transport functions Poor growth and restlessness at first in puppies; paralysis of neck muscles and rear legs and general weakness later in life Chlorine Acid-base balance; osmolarity of extracellular fluids Reduced weight gain and weakness in puppies Iron Hemoglobin and myoglobin synthesis; energy metabolism Poor growth; pale mucous membranes; lethargy; weakness; diarrhea Dangerous oxidative reactions that lead to gastrointestinal and other tissue damage Copper Connective tissue formation; iron metabolism; blood cell formation; melanin pigment formation; myelin formation; defense against oxidative damage Loss of hair pigmentation in puppies; anemia Zinc Enzyme reactions; cell replication; protein and carbohydrate metabolism; skin function; wound healing Poor weight gain; vomiting; skin lesions Manganese Enzyme functions; bone development; neurological function No studies of deficiency in dogs Selenium Defense against oxidative damage; immune response Anorexia; depression; dyspnea; coma; muscular degeneration Iodine Thyroid hormone synthesis; cell differentiation; growth and development of puppies; regulation of metabolic rate Enlargement of thyroid glands; dry, sparse hair coat; weight gain Excessive tearing, salivation, and nasal discharge; dandruff
__________________ Mommy to Coco and Rocco Last edited by vainchick5; 09-25-2006 at 09:53 AM. |
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09-25-2006, 10:00 AM | #2 |
Mommy To 3 Poochies Donating Member Join Date: Jun 2005 Location: New York
Posts: 8,287
| GREAT post!!
__________________ Mommy Loves Codie, Tia & Baby Cali RIP My Precious Katie - I Love You |
09-25-2006, 10:07 AM | #3 | |
YT 6000 Club Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: CA
Posts: 6,588
| Quote:
__________________ Mommy to Coco and Rocco | |
09-25-2006, 10:10 AM | #4 | |
Mommy To 3 Poochies Donating Member Join Date: Jun 2005 Location: New York
Posts: 8,287
| Quote:
__________________ Mommy Loves Codie, Tia & Baby Cali RIP My Precious Katie - I Love You | |
09-25-2006, 10:24 AM | #5 |
Gina, (Lexi's Mommy) Donating Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: LONG ISLAND,NY
Posts: 10,455
| yea me too, jen was that the dog food list i gave you???
__________________ Gina & Lexi CLICK HERE for our Photo Album ... |
09-25-2006, 10:29 AM | #6 | |
Mommy To 3 Poochies Donating Member Join Date: Jun 2005 Location: New York
Posts: 8,287
| Quote:
__________________ Mommy Loves Codie, Tia & Baby Cali RIP My Precious Katie - I Love You | |
09-25-2006, 11:29 AM | #7 |
YT 6000 Club Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: CA
Posts: 6,588
| Ok just spoke to a food and science nutritionalist at ASPCA. She said she sees no reason why mixing would be bad, because if you are feeding your dog one brand, he/she can just as easily be overdosing on nutrients that way too. That perhaps it will be good to make sure that the vitamin e (IU content) from one food to another is low. The article that I read said you want to make sure the IU for Vitamin E is minimum 50IU for KG and maximum of 1000 IU per kg. So I guess as long as you're staying in the middle it's a good thing. For example my Innova is 300 IU of Vitamin E, and my Nutro is 150 IU per KG. But remember that 1 KG is 2.2 lbs, so since our babies are so small I doubt any of them eat 2 lbs worth of kibble. They probably eat between 1/3 to 1/2 cup of dry kibble a day. I will still talk to my vet to make sure but we can all rest assure that we are probably not overdosing our babies.
__________________ Mommy to Coco and Rocco |
09-25-2006, 11:31 AM | #8 |
I heart Hootie & Hobbs Join Date: Jan 2006 Location: USA
Posts: 7,149
| So does that mean that mixing 2 foods is alright?! |
09-25-2006, 11:41 AM | #9 | |
YT 6000 Club Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: CA
Posts: 6,588
| Quote:
__________________ Mommy to Coco and Rocco | |
09-25-2006, 11:45 AM | #10 | |
I heart Hootie & Hobbs Join Date: Jan 2006 Location: USA
Posts: 7,149
| Quote:
Great! Thanks so much for the info!!!!!! I will continue to mix the 2 foods together that I am mixing now....Chicken Soup Puppy and Canidae All Life Stages. I would really hate to give up either of these foods, as they are both highly nutritional. So, this is great news. Thanks again! | |
09-25-2006, 11:50 AM | #11 | |
YT 6000 Club Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: CA
Posts: 6,588
| Quote:
__________________ Mommy to Coco and Rocco | |
09-25-2006, 11:53 AM | #12 | |
I heart Hootie & Hobbs Join Date: Jan 2006 Location: USA
Posts: 7,149
| Quote:
I will keep checking this thread. My babies don't eat much either. They eat out of the same bowl and together probably only eat about 1c. or 1.5c. a day of food. | |
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