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Old 11-09-2012, 04:42 PM   #1
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Default Poisonous Medications, Plants, Foods, and Misc.

Poisonous Human Medications to Pets

Human Medications Poisonous to Pets - Meds Toxic to Dog and Cats

1. NSAIDs (e.g. Advil, Aleve and Motrin)

Topping our Top 10 list are common household medications called non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), which include common names such as ibuprofen (e.g., Advil and some types of Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve). While these medications are safe for people, even one or two pills can cause serious harm to a pet. Dogs, cats, birds and other small mammals (ferrets, gerbils and hamsters) may develop serious stomach and intestinal ulcers as well as kidney failure.

2. Acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol)

When it comes to pain medications, acetaminophen (e.g. Tylenol) is certainly popular. Even though this drug is very safe, even for children, this is not true for pets—especially cats. One regular strength tablet of acetaminophen may cause damage to a cat’s red blood cells, limiting their ability to carry oxygen. In dogs, acetaminophen leads to liver failure and, in large doses, red blood cell damage.

3. Antidepressants (e.g. Effexor, Cymbalta, Prozac, Lexapro)

While these antidepressant drugs are occasionally used in pets, overdoses can lead to serious neurological problems such as sedation, incoordination, tremors and seizures. Some antidepressants also have a stimulant effect leading to a dangerously elevated heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature. Pets, especially cats, seem to enjoy the taste of Effexor and often eat the entire pill. Unfortunately, just one pill can cause serious poisoning.

4. ADD/ADHD medications (e.g. Concerta, Adderall, Ritalin)

Medications used to treat Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder contain potent stimulants such as amphetamines and methylphenidate. Even minimal ingestions of these medications by pets can cause life-threatening tremors, seizures, elevated body temperatures and heart problems.

5. Benzodiazepines and sleep aids (e.g. Xanax, Klonopin, Ambien, Lunesta)

These medications are designed to reduce anxiety and help people sleep better. However, in pets, they may have the opposite effect. About half of the dogs who ingest sleep aids become agitated instead of sedate. In addition, these drugs may cause severe lethargy, incoordination (including walking “drunk”), and slowed breathing in pets. In cats, some forms of benzodiazepines can cause liver failure when ingested.

6. Birth control (e.g. estrogen, estradiol, progesterone)

Birth control pills often come in packages that dogs find irresistible. Thankfully, small ingestions of these medications typically do not cause trouble. However, large ingestions of estrogen and estradiol can cause bone marrow suppression, particularly in birds. Additionally, female pets that are intact (not spayed), are at an increased risk of side effects from estrogen poisoning.

7. ACE Inhibitors (e.g. Zestril, Altace)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (or “ACE”) inhibitors are commonly used to treat high blood pressure in people and, occasionally, pets. Though overdoses can cause low blood pressure, dizziness and weakness, this category of medication is typically quite safe. Pets ingesting small amounts of this medication can potentially be monitored at home, unless they have kidney failure or heart disease. All heart medications should be kept out of reach of pets.

8. Beta-blockers (e.g. Tenormin, Toprol, Coreg)

Beta-blockers are also used to treat high blood pressure but, unlike the ACE inhibitor, small ingestions of these drugs may cause serious poisoning in pets. Overdoses can cause life-threatening decreases in blood pressure and a very slow heart rate.

9. Thyroid hormones (e.g. Armour desiccated thyroid, Synthroid)

Pets — especially dogs — get underactive thyroids too. Interestingly, the dose of thyroid hormone needed to treat dogs is much higher than a person’s dose. Therefore, if dogs accidentally get into thyroid hormones at home, it rarely results in problems. However, large acute overdoses in cats and dogs can cause muscle tremors, nervousness, panting, a rapid heart rate and aggression.

10. Cholesterol lowering agents (e.g. Lipitor, Zocor, Crestor)

These popular medications, often called “statins,” are commonly used in the United States. While pets do not typically get high cholesterol, they may still get into the pill bottle. Thankfully, most “statin” ingestions only cause mild vomiting or diarrhea. Serious side effects from these drugs come with long-term use, not one-time ingestions.

************************************************** ****************

Always keep medications safely out of reach and never administer a medication to a pet without first consulting your veterinarian. The following are some tips from Dr. Justine Lee and Dr. Ahna Brutlag at Pet Poison Helpline to help prevent pets from getting into over-the-counter or prescription medication:
Never leave loose pills in a plastic Ziploc® bag – the bags are too easy to chew into. Make sure visiting house guests do the same, keeping their medications high up or out of reach.
If you place your medication in a weekly pill container, make sure to store the container in a cabinet out of reach of your pets. Unfortunately, if they get a hold of it, some pets might consider the pill container a plastic chew toy.
Never store your medications near your pet’s medications – Pet Poison Helpline frequently receives calls from concerned pet owners who inadvertently give their own medication to their pet.
Hang your purse up. Inquisitive pets will explore the contents of your bag and simply placing your purse up and out of reach can help to avoid exposure to any potentially dangerous medication(s).
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Last edited by Wylie's Mom; 03-03-2013 at 08:24 AM.
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Old 03-03-2013, 07:57 AM   #2
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Default Poisonous / Dangerous Plants

Poisonous / Dangerous Plants to Pets:

COMMON plants:

Amaryllis
Azaleas
Castor bean
Chrysanthemums
Corn plant
Cyclamen
English ivy
Foxglove
Hibiscus
Hydrangea
Kalanchoe
Lilies (Lilium and Hemerocallis species)
Lily of the Valley
Mistletoe
Mother-in-law's tongue
Mushrooms (certain types)
Narcissus bulbs
Oleander
Peace lily
Philodendron
Pothos
Rhododendrons
Rhubarb leaves
Sago Palms (please see link!)
Schefflera/scheffleria
Shamrock
Tulip bulbs
Yew: American, Japanese, English and Western

Other plants, including, but not limited to:

Autumn crocus
Avocado
Baptisia
Black-eyed Susan, goldenglow, coneflower
Bleeding heart
Bloodroot
Box (hedge)
Caladium
Candelabra cactus
Cherrylaurel
Chinaberry tree
Christmas rose
Crown-of-thorns
Daffodil, narcissus
Daphne
Dumbcane
Euonymus
Flax
Fritillaria
Glory or climbing lily
Goldenchain, laburnum
Horse chestnut
Hyacinth
Iris
Jerusalem cherry
Jessamine
Jimsonweed, thornapple
Lantana
Larkspur, delphinium
Laurels
Lobelia, cardinal flower
Lupine, bluebonnet
Monkshood, aconite
Pencil tree
Poinciana
Poinsettia
Poppy
Precatory bean (seeds)
Privet
Snowdrop
Snow-on-the-mountain
Spurges
Star-of-Bethlehem
Tansy
Tobacco, flowering
Virginia creeper
Wisteria


If a pet owner suspects that their animal ingested a poisonous plant, call your veterinarian or Pet Poison Helpline at 800-213-6680 for help immediately! The sooner a dog poisoning or cat poisoning is diagnosed, the easier, less expensive, and safer it is for your pet to get treated!. It's advised to bring part of the plant to a nursery for identification if the exact species is not known. Symptoms of poisonings can include almost any clinical sign. The animal may even appear completely normal for several hours or days.
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Last edited by Wylie's Mom; 03-03-2013 at 08:23 AM.
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Old 03-03-2013, 08:09 AM   #3
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Default Dangerous / Toxic / Poisonous Foods

Toxic Foods:

Chocolate/Caffeine:
Chocolate contains theobromine, a compound that is a cardiac stimulant and a diuretic.

After their pet has eaten a large quantity of chocolate, many pet owners assume their pet is unaffected. However, the signs of sickness may not be seen for several hours, with death following within twenty-four hours. Symptoms include Staggering, labored breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, tremors, fever, heart rate increase, arrhythmia, seizures, coma, death.

Cocoa powder and cooking chocolate are the most toxic forms. A 10-kilogram dog can be seriously affected if it eats a quarter of a 250gm packet of cocoa powder or half of a 250gm block of cooking chocolate. These forms of chocolate contain ten times more theobromine than milk chocolate. Thus, a chocolate mud cake could be a real health risk for a small dog. Even licking a substantial part of the chocolate icing from a cake can make a dog unwell.

Semi-sweet chocolate and dark chocolate are the next most dangerous forms, with milk chocolate being the least dangerous. A dog needs to eat more than a 250gm block of milk chocolate to be affected. Obviously, the smaller the dog, the less it needs to eat.

Onions/Garlic:
Onions and garlic contain the toxic ingredient thiosulphate. Onions are more of a danger.

Pets affected by onion toxicity will develop haemolytic anaemia, where the pet’s red blood cells burst while circulating in its body. Symptoms include Hemolytic Anemia, labored breathing, liver damage, vomiting, diarrhea, discolored urine.

The poisoning occurs a few days after the pet has eaten the onion. All forms of onion can be a problem including dehydrated onions, raw onions, cooked onions and table scraps containing cooked onions and/or garlic. Left over pizza, Chinese dishes and commercial baby food containing onion, sometimes fed as a supplement to young pets, can cause illness.

While garlic also contains the toxic ingredient thiosulphate, it seems that garlic is less toxic and large amounts would need to be eaten to cause illness.

Mushrooms:
Mushroom toxicity does occur in dogs and it can be fatal if certain species of mushrooms are eaten. Amanita phalloides is the most commonly reported severely toxic species of mushroom in the US but other Amanita species are toxic. Symptoms include Abdominal pain, drooling, liver damage, kidney damage, vomiting diarrhea, convulsions, coma, death

Grapes/Raisins:
As few as a handful of raisins or grapes can make a dog ill; however, of the 10 cases reported to the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC), each dog ingested between 9 ounces and 2 pounds of grapes or raisins. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and lethargy.

Macadamia Nuts:
Macadamia nuts are another concern, along with most other kinds of nuts. Their high phosphorus content is said to possibly lead to bladder stones. Dogs develop a tremor of the skeletal muscles, and weakness or paralysis of the hindquarters. Affected dogs are often unable to rise and are distressed, usually panting. Some affected dogs have swollen limbs and show pain when the limbs are manipulated.

Baby Food:
Can contain onion powder, which can be toxic to dogs. Can also result in nutritional deficiencies, if fed in large amounts.

Bones from fish, poultry, or other meat sources:
Can cause obstruction or laceration of the digestive system.

Cat Food:
Cat food is generally too high in protein and fats.

Coffee (ground, beans)

Fat Trimmings:
Can cause pancreatitis.

Milk and other dairy products:
Some adult dogs and cats do not have sufficient amounts of the enzyme lactase, which breaks down the lactose in milk. This can result in diarrhea. Lactose-free milk products are available for pets.

Raw Eggs:
Contain an enzyme called avidin, which decreases the absorption of biotin (a B vitamin). This can lead to skin and hair coat problems. Raw eggs may also contain Salmonella.

Raw Fish:
Can result in a thiamine (a B vitamin) deficiency leading to loss of appetite, seizures, and in severe cases, death. More common if raw fish is fed regularly.

Sugarless gum:
Extremely deadly, even in small quantities.

Yeast Dough

Xylitol:
Very dangerous; can cause liver failure. Found in sugarless gum and other items. Seek IMMEDIATE vet care!
__________________
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Last edited by Wylie's Mom; 03-03-2013 at 08:23 AM.
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Old 03-03-2013, 08:21 AM   #4
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Default Misc Poisonous / Dangerous Substances and/or dangerous creatures

Misc Poisonous / Dangerous Substances and/or dangerous creatures

Anti-freeze

Ethylene glycol is one of the many chemicals used for antifreeze. Your common anti-freeze used in cars has a very sweet taste to pets and is extremely deadly. If you spill a little anti-freeze onto the ground in a puddle, or if you change our anti-freeze and leave it in an open container, your pet will find this and it is very deadly. If you suspect anti-freeze poisoning, call your veterinarian immediately.

Christmas Tree Hazards

Christmas tree water may contain fertilizers, which, if ingested, can cause stomach upset. Stagnant tree water can be breeding grounds for bacteria, which can also lead to vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea, if ingested.

Electrical cords - Avoid animal exposure to electrical cords. If they are chewed they could electrocute your pet. Cover up or hide electrical cords and never let your pet chew on them.

Ribbons or tinsel can become lodged in the intestines and cause intestinal obstruction. This is a very common situation for kittens!

Batteries contain corrosives, and if ingested they can cause ulceration to the mouth, tongue, and the rest of the gastrointestinal tract.

Glass ornaments can cut the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract if ingested.

Liquid potpourris

Popular household fragrances commonly used during the holiday season. Pets are often exposed to liquid potpourri by direct ingestion from simmer pots or spills, by rubbing against leaky bottles or simmer pots containing the potpourri, or from spilling the containers upon themselves. Oral exposures result during grooming. Exposure of pets to some types of liquid potpourris can result in severe oral, dermal and ocular damage.

Ice melting products

Irritating to skin and mouth. Depending on the actual ingredient of the ice melt and the quantity, signs of ingestion would include excessive drooling, depression, vomiting or even electrolyte imbalances.

Rat and mouse killers

When using rat and mouse bait, place the products in areas that are inaccessible to your companion animals.

Pesticides

Make sure your pets do not go on lawns or in gardens treated with fertilizers, herbicides or insecticides until the time listed on the label by the manufacturer. If you are uncertain about the usage of any product, contact the manufacturer for clarification before using it. Always store pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides in areas that are inaccessible to your pets. The most serious problems resulting from fertilizer ingestion in pets is usually due to the presence of heavy metals such as iron. Ingestion of large amounts of fertilizer could cause severe gastric upset and possibly gastrointestinal obstruction.

The most dangerous forms of pesticides include: snail bait containing metaldehyde, fly bait containing methomyl, systemic insecticides containing disyston or disulfaton, zinc phosphide containing mole or gopher bait and most forms of rat poisons. When using pesticides place the products in areas that are totally inaccessible to your companion animals. Always store pesticides in secured areas.

Toad Poisoning

Don't Laugh At least nine different species of toads can poison a curious dog

Snakes

Over 10,000 snake bites of domestic animals occur annually in this country. Statistics show that dogs are bitten ten times more frequently than humans. In the northern states, this is not as big of a problem as it is in the southern, more temperate climates. We lived in Florida for years in a rural area and my husband and children spent much time in the woods and small streams. We had three different occassions when our dogs were bitten by snakes. Luckily, they were all bit in the extremities, which immediately swelled. The dogs all survived, although we did lose a couple of cats this way. Once again, if you suspect a bite of some sort to your pet, contact your vet immediately.

Scorpions


Scorpion stings release a neuro toxin into the body which can be especially dangerous to small dogs. Call your vet immediately!

Large Birds

Although very uncommon, we have heard of at least two cases where small puppies or dogs were carried away by predatory birds. We recently placed a Yorkie puppy in a home where the previous dog was lost due to a hawk carrying it off. This is something to watch out for with your small animals.

Alligators

Although not a problem in the north, it is not unusual to hear of an alligator coming into a yard and pulling a dog into the water. I am personally aware of this happening a half a dozen times when we lived in Florida. A good friend of mine was sitting in his condominium having breakfast with his wife and they had a poodle on a yard screw in their back yard. They heard the dog yipe and looked up just in time to see a 6-7 foot gator drag their pet into the water. A barking dog is known to be one of the best ways to attract alligators.
__________________
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°¨¨¨°ºOº°¨¨¨° Ann | Pfeiffer | Marcel Verdel Purcell | Wylie | Artie °¨¨¨°ºOº°¨¨¨°

Last edited by Wylie's Mom; 03-03-2013 at 08:22 AM.
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Old 03-07-2013, 08:16 AM   #5
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Updated and reformatted 3/7/13.
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