YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community


Welcome to the YorkieTalk.com Forums Community - the community for Yorkshire Terriers.

You are currently viewing our boards as a guest which gives you limited access to view most discussions and access our other features. By joining our free community you will have access to post topics, communicate privately with other members (PM), respond to polls, upload content and access many other special features. You will be able to chat with over 35,000 YorkieTalk members, read over 2,000,000 posted discussions, and view more than 15,000 Yorkie photos in the YorkieTalk Photo Gallery after you register. We would love to have you as a member!

Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free so please, join our community today!

If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please click here to contact us.

Go Back   YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community > Breeding / Showing / Traveling > Breeder Talk
Register Blogs FAQ Calendar

Reply
 
LinkBack Thread Tools
Old 12-31-2012, 07:10 AM   #1
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
Teresiana's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2012
Location: NJ
Posts: 2,194
Default Yorkie "Lines"?

I'm in the process of searching for my next pup & have 3 breeders on my "short list". I'm looking for a PET. I was wondering if someone could shed some light on the various Yorkie "lines". I tried Google, but I get a very broad search result & I'm not sure exactly how to tie everything together.

Pardon my ignorance, as I am an owner of 2 rescue pups. I have decided to work with a breeder this time & I just want to make sure that I'm educated as I can be about the pup I will be purchasing. I also want to be able to ask my breeder the right questions.

Are some lines better than others?
Do certain lines have a reputation for certain characteristics?
What does "based on such-and-such a line" exactly mean?
What does "descended from Clarkwyn breeding" mean?

Some lines that have popped up in my breeder search include: Wildweir, Clarkwyn & Edgewood.
__________________
Teresa, Yoshi, Momo & Prima
Teresiana is offline   Reply With Quote
Welcome Guest!
Not Registered?

Join today and remove this ad!

Old 12-31-2012, 08:20 AM   #2
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
tjdmom's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2007
Location: upstate ny
Posts: 5,847
Default

Sort of like we all have a family history, dogs have certain "lines". It's basically the makeup of their ancestors and certain breeders tend to breed for certain things based on their personal preferences. Certain lines might cary a certain health defect but it's probably hidden somewhere in any of the lines. I'm afraid I'm not much help and it really depends on your personal preferences and since you are really looking for a pet anyway, I'm not sure how important a certain look is to you. I would say, visit the home and make your decision based on the breeder themselves and the individual dogs. I personally would choose a dog who comes from parents with a great temperament and I would not want my a pet I chose to come from a kennel situation. Not to say that there aren't good breeders out there who have kennels it's just my personal preference at this time.... good luck in your search!
tjdmom is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 08:58 AM   #3
YT 2000 Club
Donating Member
 
gemy's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: Huntsville,Ont,Canaada
Posts: 12,335
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Teresiana View Post
I'm in the process of searching for my next pup & have 3 breeders on my "short list". I'm looking for a PET. I was wondering if someone could shed some light on the various Yorkie "lines". I tried Google, but I get a very broad search result & I'm not sure exactly how to tie everything together.

Pardon my ignorance, as I am an owner of 2 rescue pups. I have decided to work with a breeder this time & I just want to make sure that I'm educated as I can be about the pup I will be purchasing. I also want to be able to ask my breeder the right questions.

Are some lines better than others?
Do certain lines have a reputation for certain characteristics?
What does "based on such-and-such a line" exactly mean?
What does "descended from Clarkwyn breeding" mean?

Some lines that have popped up in my breeder search include: Wildweir, Clarkwyn & Edgewood.
What an exciting time for you! Here is a thread that talks about the "great breeders" http://www.yorkietalk.com/forums/bre...-breeders.html

Now that thread is really just mentioning all the "lines"/breeders who have made a reputation for themselves as valuable contributors to the Yorkie Breed.

Phrases such as "based on" or "descended from", can be just marketing terms and or ploys for potential buyers who know something about Yorkie lines to be reeled in for a sale. And it can be innocent as well. A way of communicating where their breeding stock is sourced.

There are a number of good articles in here on how to find a reputable breeder. They are found in our Library which is the second "blue" colored forum down when you go to the main menu.

I have a passion for health. And so, I will say to you, ask the breeders about what "specific" health tests they have done on their breeding pair, and what health concerns are in the lineage. Then I would check them out to see if they have posted the health tests on reputable health data sites; Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, and CHIC.
Next of course or equal to is the temperament of the pair. Ideally you get to see both sire and dam. And then the temperament of the pups. Hopefully your breeder formally temperament tests the pups.

If you are going to pay premium dollars for a purebred then, you as the consumer should demand the very best health and structure and temperament of any pup you buy. The fact that you want a beloved PET, does not mean you should expect inferior health or quality.

It is very demanding to show a dog and it should be. Small flaws that do NOT affect the health or structure of a pup might make them in-eligible for the show ring. For example, eyes too light, or mismatched. Ears too large small and wrongly set on head. Coat likely to be either too light, too coarse, too soft, or a combination coat. Top line a "bit" and I stress a bit off. Likely to grow and weigh too large for the breed. Temperament off, too shy, too timid. And that one is a bit of a conundrum. All else being excellent you just might consider breeding this bitch or stud to an exuberant kind of over the top Yorkie. It would not guarantee the whole litter being of equal temperament - but...... some will and some may go to one end of the scale or the other.

And yes I am a show breeder; not of Yorkies though. But I believe that the public should demand "excellence" of their breeders.
__________________
Razzle and Dara. Our clan. RIP Karma Dec 24th 2004-July 14 2013 RIP Zoey Jun9 th 2008-May 12 2012. RIP Magic,Mar 26 2006July 1st 2018
gemy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 01:50 PM   #4
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
Teresiana's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2012
Location: NJ
Posts: 2,194
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by gemy View Post
What an exciting time for you! Here is a thread that talks about the "great breeders" http://www.yorkietalk.com/forums/bre...-breeders.html

Now that thread is really just mentioning all the "lines"/breeders who have made a reputation for themselves as valuable contributors to the Yorkie Breed.

Phrases such as "based on" or "descended from", can be just marketing terms and or ploys for potential buyers who know something about Yorkie lines to be reeled in for a sale. And it can be innocent as well. A way of communicating where their breeding stock is sourced.

There are a number of good articles in here on how to find a reputable breeder. They are found in our Library which is the second "blue" colored forum down when you go to the main menu.

I have a passion for health. And so, I will say to you, ask the breeders about what "specific" health tests they have done on their breeding pair, and what health concerns are in the lineage. Then I would check them out to see if they have posted the health tests on reputable health data sites; Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, and CHIC.
Next of course or equal to is the temperament of the pair. Ideally you get to see both sire and dam. And then the temperament of the pups. Hopefully your breeder formally temperament tests the pups.

If you are going to pay premium dollars for a purebred then, you as the consumer should demand the very best health and structure and temperament of any pup you buy. The fact that you want a beloved PET, does not mean you should expect inferior health or quality.

It is very demanding to show a dog and it should be. Small flaws that do NOT affect the health or structure of a pup might make them in-eligible for the show ring. For example, eyes too light, or mismatched. Ears too large small and wrongly set on head. Coat likely to be either too light, too coarse, too soft, or a combination coat. Top line a "bit" and I stress a bit off. Likely to grow and weigh too large for the breed. Temperament off, too shy, too timid. And that one is a bit of a conundrum. All else being excellent you just might consider breeding this bitch or stud to an exuberant kind of over the top Yorkie. It would not guarantee the whole litter being of equal temperament - but...... some will and some may go to one end of the scale or the other.

And yes I am a show breeder; not of Yorkies though. But I believe that the public should demand "excellence" of their breeders.
Thank you so much for the information. The health of my pups is extremely important to me. I love my 2 Yorkie rescues dearly, and I support reputable rescue organizations. However, because my pups are such an important part of my life, I have chosen to work with a breeder this time. I suppose I'm worried of the health risks involved with a rescue this time & I want to be sure that my next baby is as healthy as possible for 15 (or more!) years. I'm not looking for a show dog. I am looking for exactly what you mentioned - a dog with show potential that for some aesthetic reason, was not able to make it to the ring.

I did not realize that there was such a thing as a formal "temperament test". Would you mind briefly explaining how this test works?

Thank you again for your help. I will check out the websites you mentioned. Thank you for that. That will be very helpful! Happy New Year!
__________________
Teresa, Yoshi, Momo & Prima
Teresiana is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 02:01 PM   #5
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
Teresiana's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2012
Location: NJ
Posts: 2,194
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by tjdmom View Post
Sort of like we all have a family history, dogs have certain "lines". It's basically the makeup of their ancestors and certain breeders tend to breed for certain things based on their personal preferences. Certain lines might cary a certain health defect but it's probably hidden somewhere in any of the lines. I'm afraid I'm not much help and it really depends on your personal preferences and since you are really looking for a pet anyway, I'm not sure how important a certain look is to you. I would say, visit the home and make your decision based on the breeder themselves and the individual dogs. I personally would choose a dog who comes from parents with a great temperament and I would not want my a pet I chose to come from a kennel situation. Not to say that there aren't good breeders out there who have kennels it's just my personal preference at this time.... good luck in your search!
Thanks for your reply! So in addition to family history, certain lines have different traits and looks?

Do all show dogs come from a kennel environment? I have not yet visited the kennels of the breeders I am considering.
__________________
Teresa, Yoshi, Momo & Prima
Teresiana is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 02:24 PM   #6
Donating YT Addict
 
3FurryFaces's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2008
Location: Long Island NY, USA
Posts: 302
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Teresiana View Post
Thanks for your reply! So in addition to family history, certain lines have different traits and looks?

Do all show dogs come from a kennel environment? I have not yet visited the kennels of the breeders I am considering.
Hi, Strictly speaking, few of today's breeders are strict line breeders. The breeders you mention adhered to the principles of line breeding. When a breeder opts for line breeding, they may be able to more effectively breed for specific genetic qualities or physical appearances. This refers to genotype and phenotype. Line breeders personally know the genetic pros and cons of many generations of the dogs in their breeding program. You may wish to google line breeding versus out-cross breeding and phenotype/genotype for a more in depth explanation. To answer your specific questions -Not all show dogs live in kennel situations. And yes, certain lines have distinctive "looks" and traits. Some of the more experienced show breeders here can recognize a particular dogs appearance as being likely from a particular breeder. I hope you are successful in your search for a great addition to your pack!
__________________
Pam, CoCoa, Billy, Tuesday, Saucy, Snowflake, Sivi
*More Furry Faces* wwwYTCGNY.org
3FurryFaces is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 03:02 PM   #7
YT 2000 Club
Donating Member
 
gemy's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: Huntsville,Ont,Canaada
Posts: 12,335
Blog Entries: 2
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by Teresiana View Post
Thank you so much for the information. The health of my pups is extremely important to me. I love my 2 Yorkie rescues dearly, and I support reputable rescue organizations. However, because my pups are such an important part of my life, I have chosen to work with a breeder this time. I suppose I'm worried of the health risks involved with a rescue this time & I want to be sure that my next baby is as healthy as possible for 15 (or more!) years. I'm not looking for a show dog. I am looking for exactly what you mentioned - a dog with show potential that for some aesthetic reason, was not able to make it to the ring.

I did not realize that there was such a thing as a formal "temperament test". Would you mind briefly explaining how this test works?

Thank you again for your help. I will check out the websites you mentioned. Thank you for that. That will be very helpful! Happy New Year!
There is an American Temperament Test Society - but the formal TT designation usually here in Canada can not be earned prior to 15mths old.

But here I am talking about Puppy TT's. There is a 10 or a 12 step process dependent on the breeder/tester that they use.

The puppy is evaluated by a stranger at as close to 8wks old as you can manage.

Startle response is evaluated
Curiousity is evaluated
Dominance/Submission
Play/Toy/Work drive
Aloofness/Socialness
Problem Solving.
Structure

For the pet buyer, it is best to try if you can to see how the pup interacts with the full litter and the dam.

I do have a thread on here about Puppy Evaluation for the Pet Owner. I was told it was too detailed....

My most best and truly held advice is to Research your Breeder First! That means you don't go over their gorgeous cute pups, until you have investigated the breeder and talked with him or her.
__________________
Razzle and Dara. Our clan. RIP Karma Dec 24th 2004-July 14 2013 RIP Zoey Jun9 th 2008-May 12 2012. RIP Magic,Mar 26 2006July 1st 2018
gemy is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 03:54 PM   #8
Donating Senior Yorkie Talker
 
rubynrosie's Avatar
 
Join Date: Aug 2012
Location: ada mn usa
Posts: 1,362
Default

[QUOTE=gemy;4091881]There is an American Temperament Test Society - but the formal TT designation usually here in Canada can not be earned prior to 15mths old.

But here I am talking about Puppy TT's. There is a 10 or a 12 step process dependent on the breeder/tester that they use.

The puppy is evaluated by a stranger at as close to 8wks old as you can manage.

Startle response is evaluated
Curiousity is evaluated
Dominance/Submission
Play/Toy/Work drive
Aloofness/Socialness
Problem Solving.
Structure

For the pet buyer, it is best to try if you can to see how the pup interacts with the full litter and the dam.

I do have a thread on here about Puppy Evaluation for the Pet Owner. I was told it was too detailed....

My most best and truly held advice is to Research your Breeder First! That means you don't go over their gorgeous cute pups, until you have investigated the breeder and talked with him or her.[/QUOTE

Gemy-i love all your info.... Can you give examples of how people should " investigate" any breeder they are looking to buy from. IE Are there specific sites they can look to see if there are complaints on them
__________________
Bobbi and her two favorite girls...Ruby-Sioux and Rosie Too . We you Lola Marlene Bubbles
rubynrosie is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 04:06 PM   #9
Between♥Suspensions
Donating Member
 
concretegurl's Avatar
 
Join Date: Aug 2009
Location: Vaissades
Posts: 7,979
Default

Memoirs of Yorkies Past: Beginning Breeders of Yorkshire Terriers.

I see you already have gotten expert advice, here's a link explaining Clarkwyn breeding (its just a so called original line) I know nothing of the breeder who's site the information is shared on not endorsing them.

Short answer is if your name is Smith, you have your line of yorkies you created after years of carefilly matched and championed breedings you'd probably name it 'or have itto called Smith line yorkies...or if you named york kennel Super Candy Awesome Fun Time (lol) it would be Super Awesome Candy Fun Time Yorkie Line...this naming is based on AKC and breed club line, kennel dog registrations ...maybe look up a sample 12 geberation pedigree on the net or someone can post one to show you.

My dog's name is Elvis...his AKC name is Castonague Shelbornes's Life of the Part Boy.
__________________
Shan & 8 kids now!


concretegurl is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 04:07 PM   #10
Between♥Suspensions
Donating Member
 
concretegurl's Avatar
 
Join Date: Aug 2009
Location: Vaissades
Posts: 7,979
Default

Memoirs of Yorkies Past: Beginning Breeders of Yorkshire Terriers.

I see you already have gotten expert advice, here's a link explaining Clarkwyn breeding (its just a so called original line) I know nothing of the breeder who's site the information is shared on not endorsing them.

Short answer is if your name is Smith, you have your line of yorkies you created after years of carefilly matched and championed breedings you'd probably name it 'or have itto called Smith line yorkies...or if you named york kennel Super Candy Awesome Fun Time (lol) it would be Super Awesome Candy Fun Time Yorkie Line...this naming is based on AKC and breed club line, kennel dog registrations ...maybe look up a sample 12 geberation pedigree on the net or someone can post one to show you.

My dog's name is Elvis...his AKC name is Castonague Shelbornes's Life of the Part Boy.
__________________
Shan & 8 kids now!


concretegurl is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 07:37 PM   #11
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
yorkiemini's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2010
Location: USA
Posts: 4,285
Default

You could look on the Yorkshire Terrier Club of America web site to find breeders in your area you could talk with. My experience has been that most of the good breeders are very willing to talk/educate others.
__________________
. Cali , and Cali's keeper and staff, Jay
No, not a "mini" Yorkie - She loves to motor in her Mini Cooper car
yorkiemini is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 08:56 PM   #12
Donating YT 1000 Club Member
 
ironmike86's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2012
Location: USA
Posts: 1,628
Default

You can find breeders in the Akc reffereal near your area or a Dog Show. Then if you have luck finding a breeder they can show you a mating paper before the pups are born.
XFINITY - Email currently unavailable

Then if you want you can search - World Pedigree DataBase Yorkshire Terrier, Yorkshire terrier Pedigree DataBase.

And see if theres any infor there. Or just search the web the show name. But a breeder usuallly will sell you pet quality and a good breeder won't gouge you. And you most likely will get a good health guarrentte. But it's up to the buy to do all the esearch. Not all ppl are honest. JME
ironmike86 is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 12-31-2012, 09:06 PM   #13
Donating YT 1000 Club Member
 
ironmike86's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2012
Location: USA
Posts: 1,628
Default

You can find breeders in the Akc reffereal near your area or a Dog Show. Then if you have luck finding a breeder they can show you a mating paper before the pups are born.
http://i45.photobucket.com/albums/f9...efpedigree.png
Then if you want you can search - World Pedigree DataBase Yorkshire Terrier, Yorkshire terrier Pedigree DataBase.

And see if theres any infor there. Or just search the web the show name. But a breeder usuallly will sell you pet quality and a good breeder won't gouge you. And you most likely will get a good health guarrentte. But it's up to the buy to do all the esearch. Not all ppl are honest. JME
ironmike86 is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2013, 03:44 PM   #14
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
Teresiana's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2012
Location: NJ
Posts: 2,194
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by gemy View Post
There is an American Temperament Test Society - but the formal TT designation usually here in Canada can not be earned prior to 15mths old.

But here I am talking about Puppy TT's. There is a 10 or a 12 step process dependent on the breeder/tester that they use.

The puppy is evaluated by a stranger at as close to 8wks old as you can manage.

Startle response is evaluated
Curiousity is evaluated
Dominance/Submission
Play/Toy/Work drive
Aloofness/Socialness
Problem Solving.
Structure

For the pet buyer, it is best to try if you can to see how the pup interacts with the full litter and the dam.

I do have a thread on here about Puppy Evaluation for the Pet Owner. I was told it was too detailed....

My most best and truly held advice is to Research your Breeder First! That means you don't go over their gorgeous cute pups, until you have investigated the breeder and talked with him or her.
Thank you so much for the information. The temperament test is so interesting to me. I'm going to search for your thread on the Puppy Evaluation of the Pet Owner. I'm very interested to read that. As far as I'm concerned, the more details, the better! LOL

And yes, I am researching breeders first. I figure that I'm not just buying a pup. I'm developing a relationship. So finding the right breeder for me is very important.

Thank you so much for the excellent advice!
__________________
Teresa, Yoshi, Momo & Prima
Teresiana is offline   Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2013, 03:55 PM   #15
Donating YT 500 Club Member
 
Teresiana's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2012
Location: NJ
Posts: 2,194
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by 3FurryFaces View Post
Hi, Strictly speaking, few of today's breeders are strict line breeders. The breeders you mention adhered to the principles of line breeding. When a breeder opts for line breeding, they may be able to more effectively breed for specific genetic qualities or physical appearances. This refers to genotype and phenotype. Line breeders personally know the genetic pros and cons of many generations of the dogs in their breeding program. You may wish to google line breeding versus out-cross breeding and phenotype/genotype for a more in depth explanation. To answer your specific questions -Not all show dogs live in kennel situations. And yes, certain lines have distinctive "looks" and traits. Some of the more experienced show breeders here can recognize a particular dogs appearance as being likely from a particular breeder. I hope you are successful in your search for a great addition to your pack!
Thank you! I'm definitely going to read up about line breeding & out-cross breeding. Maybe I'm just a nerd, but I find all of this so fascinating! Of course, I have heard about certain lines & had a general idea about what it meant... but now that I'm starting to understand what is involved, I'm finding it very interesting.

I'm actually attending my first show next month in NYC. I'm so lucky that I live here & can go! I'm hoping to be able to see some of the dogs from the lines & breeders I have contacted. I'm going to be looking at these Yorkies very closely now to see if I can see any differences/similarities in their appearances. I've been so anxious about the show! But now that I know all of these other things about lines, I'm even more anxious!!

Thank you so much! You've been very helpful!
__________________
Teresa, Yoshi, Momo & Prima
Teresiana is offline   Reply With Quote
Reply

Bookmarks




Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is Off
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are Off




Google
 

SHOP NOW: Amazon :: eBay :: Buy.com :: Newegg :: PetStore :: Petco :: PetSmart


All times are GMT -8. The time now is 11:16 AM.


Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.9
Copyright ©2000 - 2024, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.
Copyright ©2003 - 2018 YorkieTalk.com
Privacy Policy - Terms of Use

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167