YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community

YorkieTalk.com Forums - Yorkshire Terrier Community (https://www.yorkietalk.com/forums/index.php)
-   General Yorkshire Terrier Discussion (https://www.yorkietalk.com/forums/general-yorkshire-terrier-discussion/)
-   -   Debarking a dog? (https://www.yorkietalk.com/forums/general-yorkshire-terrier-discussion/245294-debarking-dog.html)

Nancy1999 04-19-2012 11:22 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888509)
I agree.

I try not to be overly judgmental and understand the standpoint of show breeders-they are fully focused on the betterment of the breed by conformity-to see what I perceive as an overall change in focus to health verses appearance is more than overwhelmingly positive for me.

Although to a certain point I understand things like ear cropping, tail docking, debarking, dew claw removal, it also makes me wonder about how far will we go?

I asked awhile ago about what people though of dog's having their claws removed-many people are doing this for both medical reasons but also for trivial reasons-nails will ruin wood floors, the dog jumps so we just removed heir claw s to prevent scratches.

I wasn't sure what I thought about this but it had me reevaluating how we medically alter dogs in many ways now.

I chose not to have my mini schnauzers ears cropped by her breeder, even though she was being evaluated for show potential and if she turned out worthy they would have considered showing her only if her ears were cropped per the show requirements.
actually-I LOVE floppy ears-but having to constantly pluck hairs and dry her ears over and over requires a lot of effort, Scoobers gets constant ear infects and at 5 the vet and I are considering a later medically needed cropping. It's sad to have to evaluate this.

Not to say I'm advocating for ear cropping, when it is needed for breed issues I understand first hand why now, or tail docking-which I for one truly see the benefit in, I also truly beleive in dew claw removal, but when it is too much and more so for our convince verses medical need?

How far is too far? :confused:

Hopefully, you have a good breed club who studies these things and truly loves the breed. Some breed clubs haven't been protective and bad things are happening the the breed because the way standard is written, but so far the Yorkshire Terrier is not suffer from problems because of the written standard. The breeders I've talked to who belong to the YTCA really do seem to love the breed, and I can't imagine them doing anything that they know would hurt the puppies. We have to remember that there are good people breeding and they love these dogs, just as much as we pet owners.

I don't know much about ear cropping, but from my understanding, its major surgery, I didn't even know it was legal for a breeder to do it, but I haven’t read much about it. There are some breeds who suffer more ear problems if they don't have their ears cropped, especially those dogs who are in the water a lot. I would hope if it's only done only for cosmetic reasons, they would stop this, I think people would get use to the uncropped ear very fast. I don’t think a pet owner can properly evaluate these things until it's too late. Your dog is suffering because you made a decision based on some information that dog advocates and pet owners know more than the breed than the mother club concerning this breed. I hope you use the information you have to educate the others about your experience with uncropped ears. I mean they are thinking about outlawing this and I know in other countries they have. In nature, if a dog was having reoccurring ear infections it would die out before it could reproduce, so the dog with naturally pointy ears would have a better chance at survival, or one with floppy ears and not prone to ear infections. I know proneness to ear infections is an inherited trait! When man steps in, we have to account for every attribute the dog processes and surgically modify it if it will cause problems. I think some people think the surgical alteration came first, and that breeders are designing some “perfect looking” dog because most of the show traits relate to physical attributes. I think surgical alteration came after, when loving breeders realized these traits would later cause the dogs major problems.

Concerning the other things you mention dewclaws, I’ve read many accounts on YT were the dewclaw was torn, and the dog had to have it cut off later in life, which is much more painful on the dog. To me, you should always go with the rule safety first, what’s safest and healthiest for the dog long term and causes the least pain and trauma? Hopefully, a good breed club studies a matter before any changes in standard are made.

marlenemaria 04-19-2012 11:40 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Deadbug (Post 3886113)
I just rescued one named Daisy a week and a half ago. She's my psycho dog!

She's just misunderstood and needed someone who speaks dog.

Such a beautiful heart and soul to do what you are doing, thank you so much!


On the the debarking post... horrible... just horrible.

Rescuemomma 04-19-2012 11:41 AM

First I must say I'm very impressed with people here - I've seen these debates in many places and this is the FIRST time I've seen it go on this long without people getting really ugly!

I think cosmetic surgery is wrong. That said - ear cropping and tail docking in some breeds I completely understand. I had an English Springer - even though her tail was docked when I got her we had to dock it even shorter because it was still long enough she kept hitting it on things! Such an active, happy tailed breed I can see a medical reasoning. That said, I've known many Dobies, Danes, schnauzers, etc with natural ears and no problems.

As for dewclaws - rear I absolutely agree need to be removed. It's almost always a problem! Front tend to be more attached to ligament and bone, and even when I was more active in the show ring I refused to take them off - I see them use then for grip, maneuvering toys and bones, they're not useless as long as they're not loose and dangling. Benjamin has his back ones - and I wish when the shelter neutered him they'd removed them! I'm not going to put him under just for that and with no teeth there's little reason for him to go under - but if there's ever a reason he needs surgery I will have his back dewclaws removed, they just dangle and I do worry they'll catch and tear!

As for show standards - I think any good breeder should be more worried about health then looks, show or not. I know many show breeders that don't health test. I know some who don't show that do. Ethics are more of a guideline to me then showing or not. Look at breeds ruined by looks - bulldogs can't breed or give birth naturally, German Shepards can hardly walk, this is why I seldom show AKC anymore with my IGs - they're getting so extreme they look like giraffes and as a result, wobblers, disk disease such as IVDD, and luxating patellas are becoming HUGE issues. Not to mention how many refuse to acknowledge the growing rate of epilepsy and auto-immune diseases. It's truly tragic to watch a breed I love so much getting ruined by extreme looks the show people like - an IG should still be able to do lure coursing, jump off the couch, and be the athletes they're ment to be without breaking a leg or throwing a disk!

gracielove 04-19-2012 11:43 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888509)
I agree.

I try not to be overly judgmental and understand the standpoint of show breeders-they are fully focused on the betterment of the breed by conformity-to see what I perceive as an overall change in focus to health verses appearance is more than overwhelmingly positive for me.

Although to a certain point I understand things like ear cropping, tail docking, debarking, dew claw removal, it also makes me wonder about how far will we go?

I asked awhile ago about what people though of dog's having their claws removed-many people are doing this for both medical reasons but also for trivial reasons-nails will ruin wood floors, the dog jumps so we just removed heir claw s to prevent scratches.

I wasn't sure what I thought about this but it had me reevaluating how we medically alter dogs in many ways now.

I chose not to have my mini schnauzers ears cropped by her breeder, even though she was being evaluated for show potential and if she turned out worthy they would have considered showing her only if her ears were cropped per the show requirements.
actually-I LOVE floppy ears-but having to constantly pluck hairs and dry her ears over and over requires a lot of effort, Scoobers gets constant ear infects and at 5 the vet and I are considering a later medically needed cropping. It's sad to have to evaluate this.

Not to say I'm advocating for ear cropping, when it is needed for breed issues I understand first hand why now, or tail docking-which I for one truly see the benefit in, I also truly beleive in dew claw removal, but when it is too much and more so for our convince verses medical need?

How far is too far? :confused:

Do you mean that people are having claws removed from dogs? Or having dew claws removed? It's pretty common to have dew claws removed. Working dogs or dogs that are outside playing many times catch that extra useless claw on something and it rips partly off. It's much better to have them removed when they puppy is just a few days old before the connective tissue starts to get harder.

I hope no one is having their dogs claws removed! It's bad enough when people do it to cats.

Nancy1999 04-19-2012 11:56 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Rescuemomma (Post 3888614)
First I must say I'm very impressed with people here - I've seen these debates in many places and this is the FIRST time I've seen it go on this long without people getting really ugly!I think cosmetic surgery is wrong. That said - ear cropping and tail docking in some breeds I completely understand. I had an English Springer - even though her tail was docked when I got her we had to dock it even shorter because it was still long enough she kept hitting it on things! Such an active, happy tailed breed I can see a medical reasoning. That said, I've known many Dobies, Danes, schnauzers, etc with natural ears and no problems.

As for dewclaws - rear I absolutely agree need to be removed. It's almost always a problem! Front tend to be more attached to ligament and bone, and even when I was more active in the show ring I refused to take them off - I see them use then for grip, maneuvering toys and bones, they're not useless as long as they're not loose and dangling. Benjamin has his back ones - and I wish when the shelter neutered him they'd removed them! I'm not going to put him under just for that and with no teeth there's little reason for him to go under - but if there's ever a reason he needs surgery I will have his back dewclaws removed, they just dangle and I do worry they'll catch and tear!

As for show standards - I think any good breeder should be more worried about health then looks, show or not. I know many show breeders that don't health test. I know some who don't show that do. Ethics are more of a guideline to me then showing or not. Look at breeds ruined by looks - bulldogs can't breed or give birth naturally, German Shepards can hardly walk, this is why I seldom show AKC anymore with my IGs - they're getting so extreme they look like giraffes and as a result, wobblers, disk disease such as IVDD, and luxating patellas are becoming HUGE issues. Not to mention how many refuse to acknowledge the growing rate of epilepsy and auto-immune diseases. It's truly tragic to watch a breed I love so much getting ruined by extreme looks the show people like - an IG should still be able to do lure coursing, jump off the couch, and be the athletes they're ment to be without breaking a leg or throwing a disk!

:thumbup::thumbup:
Yes, it's wonderful that we can debate and actually learn things from each other! Great post and I totally agree with you that some breeds, I think around 5 or 6 are in serious trouble because of the written standard and changing it so frivolously. This is where the YTCA must hold strong, I hope they don't ever over shorten the nose or change in other ways, until we know what type of health impact it will have.

chachi 04-19-2012 12:01 PM

I think it should e last resort however if it comes to an owner having to get rid of a dog ir getting it done than iM in support of the owner doing what they have to do to keep their dog

Rescuemomma 04-19-2012 12:06 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Nancy1999 (Post 3888629)
:thumbup::thumbup:
Yes, it's wonderful that we can debate and actually learn things from each other! Great post and I totally agree with you that some breeds, I think around 5 or 6 are in serious trouble because of the written standard and changing it so frivolously. This is where the YTCA must hold strong, I hope they don't ever over shorten the nose or change in other ways, until we know what type of health impact it will have.

I absolutely agree! I have actually seen very few health problems in Yorks that can be attributed to their look - in fact none come to mind, and most good Yorkie breeders I meet clearly care about the breed! It's to be commended!

As for declawing - I've never heard of a dog being declawed - I hope that was a misunderstanding! My 19 y/o Ragdoll is declawed on front - and she bites. My nearly blind Sphynx has no claws, they where removed from all 4 feet - makes me furious, someone spent the money to mutilate her, but never took care of her eye problems or health, absolutely disturbs me! Poor Athena doesn't even walk like a normal cat :(

concretegurl 04-19-2012 12:26 PM

I meant all claws, sometimes only front & the statement that shocked me 'was it would be mean to take their back leg claws they use them to itch themselves.
This is separate from dew claw removal. It tends to be let me say this indirectly & nicely 'a very uppe-rclass trend in California' specifically. I was suggested this because of the issues with Scoobers and having his nails trimmed and him being so anxious it really is horrific. Scoobers was on prozac for his anxiety it helps to make the training easier to set behavior patterns. After the realization of the procedure I could never do it for justify it being done.

I beleive in dew claw removal Scoobers came with dew claws we had a tear it bled forever and was horrid he had it removed...guess what-it grew back! I'm terrified he will injury it again. I know one girl here with a SUPER active dog who has both dew claws never a single issue-I've known 4 or 5 dogs with dew claw injuries 2 of my own.

Miniature Schnauzer should have ears cropped to see the inside of the ring. I've known many with uncropped beautiful floppy ears that never had an issue. Cropping ears as they are a pup -by a vet not a breeder always-is an in and out procedure with little risks. Unfortunately most of the dogs with ear issues from them being uncropped develop these as the ear grows to maturity and over time it only becomes worse and more often cropping at a later age-even when done by a vet in a proper fully capable medical setting-is problematic, takes a much longer recovery and has not only an undesirable look but affect on the ear itself and overall health risk during & after the procedure are exponentially multiplied.

I also beleive in tail docking-if done by a vet sorry that's my unequivocal opinion on it-I've seen too many tail injuries & like ear cropping doing it later is worse.

I'm still torn on debarkig I see where it should be only a last resort after ample time and effort is put in place and only in specific situations-like you will loose your dog and they may loose their life.

I however can't say I will always support these procedures, my opinions of them have already changed three times in the last 6 years based on new information and experiences with my own dogs.

Rescuemomma 04-19-2012 12:35 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888660)
I meant all claws, sometimes only front & the statement that shocked me 'was it would be mean to take their back leg claws they use them to itch themselves.
This is separate from dew claw removal. It tends to be let me say this indirectly & nicely 'a very uppe-rclass trend in California' specifically. I was suggested this because of the issues with Scoobers and having his nails trimmed and him being so anxious it really is horrific. Scoobers was on prozac for his anxiety it helps to make the training easier to set behavior patterns. After the realization of the procedure I could never do it for justify it being done.

I beleive in dew claw removal Scoobers came with dew claws we had a tear it bled forever and was horrid he had it removed...guess what-it grew back! I'm terrified he will injury it again. I know one girl here with a SUPER active dog who has both dew claws never a single issue-I've known 4 or 5 dogs with dew claw injuries 2 of my own.

Miniature Schnauzer should have ears cropped to see the inside of the ring. I've known many with uncropped beautiful floppy ears that never had an issue. Cropping ears as they are a pup -by a vet not a breeder always-is an in and out procedure with little risks. Unfortunately most of the dogs with ear issues from them being uncropped develop these as the ear grows to maturity and over time it only becomes worse and more often cropping at a later age-even when done by a vet in a proper fully capable medical setting-is problematic, takes a much longer recovery and has not only an undesirable look but affect on the ear itself and overall health risk during & after the procedure are exponentially multiplied.

I also beleive in tail docking-if done by a vet sorry that's my unequivocal opinion on it-I've seen too many tail injuries & like ear cropping doing it later is worse.

I'm still torn on debarkig I see where it should be only a last resort after ample time and effort is put in place and only in specific situations-like you will loose your dog and they may loose their life.

I however can't say I will always support these procedures, my opinions of them have already changed three times in the last 6 years based on new information and experiences with my own dogs.

Wow, that horrifies me - with cats that have a retractable claw it's bad enough - but a dog? How can they even walk properly if you amputate the ends of their toes?!!! I'm sorry - any vet that'd do such a cruel procedure should loose their license! I can see the argument with cats - especially with elderly that a cat scratch could be a major problem, but a dog? Never seen it or heard if it, but that totally disgusts me! Dewclaws I get - but never fully declawing a dog!

Nancy1999 04-19-2012 12:37 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888660)
I meant all claws, sometimes only front & the statement that shocked me 'was it would be mean to take their back leg claws they use them to itch themselves.
This is separate from dew claw removal. It tends to be let me say this indirectly & nicely 'a very uppe-rclass trend in California' specifically. I was suggested this because of the issues with Scoobers and having his nails trimmed and him being so anxious it really is horrific. Scoobers was on prozac for his anxiety it helps to make the training easier to set behavior patterns. After the realization of the procedure I could never do it for justify it being done.

I beleive in dew claw removal Scoobers came with dew claws we had a tear it bled forever and was horrid he had it removed...guess what-it grew back! I'm terrified he will injury it again. I know one girl here with a SUPER active dog who has both dew claws never a single issue-I've known 4 or 5 dogs with dew claw injuries 2 of my own.

Miniature Schnauzer should have ears cropped to see the inside of the ring. I've known many with uncropped beautiful floppy ears that never had an issue. Cropping ears as they are a pup -by a vet not a breeder always-is an in and out procedure with little risks. Unfortunately most of the dogs with ear issues from them being uncropped develop these as the ear grows to maturity and over time it only becomes worse and more often cropping at a later age-even when done by a vet in a proper fully capable medical setting-is problematic, takes a much longer recovery and has not only an undesirable look but affect on the ear itself and overall health risk during & after the procedure are exponentially multiplied.

I also beleive in tail docking-if done by a vet sorry that's my unequivocal opinion on it-I've seen too many tail injuries & like ear cropping doing it later is worse.

I'm still torn on debarkig I see where it should be only a last resort after ample time and effort is put in place and only in specific situations-like you will loose your dog and they may loose their life.

I however can't say I will always support these procedures, my opinions of them have already changed three times in the last 6 years based on new information and experiences with my own dogs.

Holly Toledo, I can't believe this, I've never heard of such a thing, is this legal?

OwnedByJezebel 04-19-2012 12:38 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Nancy1999 (Post 3886059)



Here's the way a debarked dog may sound.

What a "debarked" dog sounds like, starring Molly - YouTube

The funny thing is today both the dogs were barking at someone they saw in the park behind my house, and I thought how beautiful the sound was, they are both feeling great when they bark like that, and that makes me happy.

I got a 9 month old Yorkie that had been de-barked, but she didn't sound like that. Her bark just sounded muted, maybe about 30% as loud as a regular bark, and sort of raspy. I was really annoyed that someone had done that to her. My vet was really surprised, and said he didn't know any vets that would do that procedure anymore.

concretegurl 04-19-2012 12:44 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Nancy1999 (Post 3888675)
Holly Toledo, I can't believe this, I've never heard of such a thing, is this legal?

It's done by vets so why wouldn't it be?

It's done in their office as a medical procedure so I'd assume so.

I'm guessing the vets are few and far between, but let's be real you can have anything done if you pay enough for it, even and especially if it's regulated or outlawed.

I don't think it's common enough to have hit the radar yet for regulation.

Until there is regulation on it-to be honest I'm not going to condemn anyone I seriously thought about it with Scoobers considering however it is far too expensive, and the recovery and what they'd do to him-we'll find another way. I made a thread about it later to see what others thought about it too.

On another note, I'd share more about my endorcement of or experience and why I now see why ear cropping can be needed or justified here-WOW!

The (mini and all) schnauzer forums I'm on are based in Australian and Europe-if you so much as mention ear cropping or tail docking they call you names that end in American but the first part isn't very polite.

Totally OT-some people think ppl are rude on YT, they should try a schnauzer forum!:eek::(

Nancy1999 04-19-2012 12:49 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888693)
It's done by vets so why wouldn't it be?

It's done in their office as a medical procedure so I'd assume so.

I'm guessing the vets are few and far between, but let's be real you can have anything done if you pay enough for it, even and especially if it's regulated or outlawed.

I don't think it's common enough to have hit the radar yet for regulation.

Until there is regulation on it-to be honest I'm not going to condemn anyone I seriously thought about it with Scoobers considering however it is far too expensive, and the recovery and what they'd do to him-we'll find another way. I made a thread about it later to see what others thought about it too.

On another note, I'd share more about my enforcement of or experience and why I now see why ear cropping can be needed or justified here-WOW!

The mini schnauzer forums I'm on are based in Australian and Europe-if you so much as mention ear cropping or tail docking they cann you names that end in American but the first part isn't very polite.

Totally OT-some people think ppl are rude on YT, they should try a schnauzer forum!:eek::(

Good point, I'm just so shocked.

Rescuemomma 04-19-2012 12:53 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by concretegurl (Post 3888693)
It's done by vets so why wouldn't it be?

It's done in their office as a medical procedure so I'd assume so.

I'm guessing the vets are few and far between, but let's be real you can have anything done if you pay enough for it, even and especially if it's regulated or outlawed.

I don't think it's common enough to have hit the radar yet for regulation.

Until there is regulation on it-to be honest I'm not going to condemn anyone I seriously thought about it with Scoobers considering however it is far too expensive, and the recovery and what they'd do to him-we'll find another way. I made a thread about it later to see what others thought about it too.

On another note, I'd share more about my endorcement of or experience and why I now see why ear cropping can be needed or justified here-WOW!

The (mini and all) schnauzer forums I'm on are based in Australian and Europe-if you so much as mention ear cropping or tail docking they call you names that end in American but the first part isn't very polite.

Totally OT-some people think ppl are rude on YT, they should try a schnauzer forum!:eek::(

Rude? I'm actually very impressed that everyone seems to be getting along and listening to others views and opinions! You want mean and ride? I'll give you the link to the Italian Greyhound forum! Some of the IG people I've me are by far the meanest, rudest people I've ever known! Heaven forbid I dare suggest auto-immune, eye problems, neurological and disk problems, and epilepsy are growing, obviously watching so many of my rescues and 1 of my own suffer with these things means nothing and I have no clue LOL.

I had a dog that it took a good dose of Ace to trim her nails - it wasn't easy, but I'd rather have to sedate a dog that hates it then mutilate them. But I can see the temptation there......

Nancy1999 04-19-2012 01:05 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Rescuemomma (Post 3888702)
Rude? I'm actually very impressed that everyone seems to be getting along and listening to others views and opinions! You want mean and ride? I'll give you the link to the Italian Greyhound forum! Some of the IG people I've me are by far the meanest, rudest people I've ever known! Heaven forbid I dare suggest auto-immune, eye problems, neurological and disk problems, and epilepsy are growing, obviously watching so many of my rescues and 1 of my own suffer with these things means nothing and I have no clue LOL.

I had a dog that it took a good dose of Ace to trim her nails - it wasn't easy, but I'd rather have to sedate a dog that hates it then mutilate them. But I can see the temptation there......

We should take a poll, which breed's dog forum has the rudest posters? :D


All times are GMT -8. The time now is 07:15 AM.

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.9
Copyright ©2000 - 2025, vBulletin Solutions, Inc.
Copyright ©2003 - 2018 YorkieTalk.com
Privacy Policy - Terms of Use


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168