I use the pads from medical supply stores for humans. They absorb better and keep the smell better too, I have found. I have both of our dogs using the pads, so I buy the 24" x 36" ones. The best part, they cost the same as the 24" x 24" ones!! They cost about 35 cents per pad, canadian. I used to use a pad frame, but I gave up and now I just use that rubber matting stuff that people use to line there kitchen drwaers. You can but it at wal-Mart and it works great.