[Maximo]

I would not use the crate for time outs because the crate is supposed to be your dog's safe place, not a punishment.

I also would not give time outs for going outside and not going potty. Your dog will not understand why he is being crated.

My guys live to go outside. It is their favorite thing in the world and they can't wait for their big outings.

Try to balance potty training with the understanding that your boy loves going outside. Start a daily routine of having a longer period outdoors at a specific time and your boy will start to anticipate that daily and not be so anxious to get outside all day long. My boys know they are going to get their big walk at a certain time in the afternoon and they anticipate it the same way they do their meals. Then they aren't as anxious wondering when they will ever get out.