i am a little bit confused. you have two questions right? one is how to get your dog to do something without getting a treat. and the other one is emergency recall.
ok, i dont really know the answer to the emergency recall, the only thing i know about that is sometimes asking a dog to come back to you during an emergency is too hard, because it requires 3 steps. the dog has to 1)stop 2)turn around 3)come back to you. that is actually a lot of steps in an emergency. so the best thing to do if you need your dog to stop running away is to use DOWN commend. because it is a simple ONE STEP command. and it stops your dog from getting further away from you.
i practice this with milu often. when she is running around playing, i will say DOWN suddenly, and she will do it, and i will treat her. just to make sure she remembers to do it all the time.
as for the only doing commands for treats. i personally really don't think it's a bad thing. i mean, a dog getting a treat for following a command is really kind of like you completing a task you boss ask you to do and getting paid for doing the work. i really don't think it's a bad thing to reward with treats (just make sure you get healthy treats)
if you must take away her treats (remember, how would YOU like to do things for your boss without getting paid?
) then maybe you can try this.
use YES as a key word, everytime your puppy does something, say YES (every single time) and then give her a treat. just keep doing this. always give her a treat after you say YES. try to have her think "yes = treats"
i am not sure if this will work or not, but i am thinking about trying this. but like i said, i do like to reward her with treats for following commands. i think it's a good thing to do that. because i wouldn't want to do something without getting paid either!