I think the best thing he can do would be to get a vet to do an autopsy (or two vets, one as a witness just in case) to document the cause of death. He can keep all the documents and see what he can do with those. I also think the puppy should get a decent burial or cremation as soon as possible.
I really cannot say anything about the getting sick part because there isn't enough info. Was the puppy sick all along? Did the puppy get all the shots in time? Was he exposed to other dogs at all? Tough situation. But, the poor frozen dog will not help his case. Vet documents will.
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