We live in Northern Manitoba where the temps can go down to -40 celsius( which is the point celsius and fahrenheit meet( -40 celsius= -40 fahrenheit) so it gets really cold. I have had my girls go outside during the summer but also let them use their puppy pads. As long as the temps are okay and there is very little wind chill (always be careful of that, we know how easy it is for us to get frostbite and remember when they say exposed skin freezes in 30 seconds, this means paws too)
I try to ensure everyday they have a good indoor run with chasing the ball or a game like that. The other thing is be careful about the snow amount and density of the snow. We put Bailey on some snow last year that we thought was solid and she sunk like a lead balloon