Precious' Mommy,   
Like someone else posted, heat is a dog's menstrual cycle.  The first heat is anywhere from 6 months to 18 months, the smaller the dog generally the younger the first heat.     
The vulva (female parts) swell and bleed slightly, you will notice small droplets on your carpet.  They come up easily enough with cold water.  After sleeping through the night, you will notice a larger amount where was lying, maybe 1/2 teaspoon if that much.   
At about 10 days the bleeding will change to a straw color and the female will be receptive to mating for the next week.  It's all over with in about 3 weeks.   
If your dog is spayed, this will prevent her from every coming into heat so you don't have to deal with this at all.     |