A dog with kidney disease will have very low specific gravity or unconcentrated urine. The most important test to show the general health of kidneys is the BUN and creatinine levels. If these are elevated than your vet will probably recommend a low phosphorus and low sodium diet. Since commercial foods use sodium as a preservative you will probably need to go to a homemade diet to get these levels down, low protein used to be recommended, but now they feel it is more harmful than helpful (except with liver problems).
Here's a great site to study up on kidney disease and it does tell you about commercially prepared foods that are low in phos. and sodium.
http://www.dogaware.com/kidney.html