The causes of pancreatitis are not completely known, but you can help prevent it by avoiding fatty foods. I have also read that stress can be a factor.
PetMD lists some other factors:
Inflammation of the Pancreas in Dogs | petMD
There are many factors that can contribute to renal disease and failure. Feeding a balanced diet, proper nutrition ratios, helps keep kidneys healthy. Proper hydration also plays a role. I believe drinking water and being able to eliminate frequently helps keep kidneys stay healthy.
There is a lot of debate over how much commercial dog foods and treats might contribute to renal disease. (I feed commercial kibble)
Here are some other causes:
Kidney Disease: Causes, Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment in Dogs and Cats