Urine is not sterile.
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/gor...ither-rest-you..
http://www.livescience.com/45800-con...t-sterile.html But anyways easy to google.... I've been washing pee pads for awhile. With HE soap. Small amount of bleach ..not much just because. And on Sanitary mode. Mine are all white hospital type. I prefer white because I like to see if they have been used. I change them when soiled...Not just once but a few times. They all come out white and have no smell. Since I buy the plain white ones they are cheap so I don't worry about bleach ruining them. I have some 3 yrs old still looking good. JME