[yorkiefan_]

The orange color is obvious now. It's caused because the light from the Sun is pretty close to white, and white light is composed of all the colors. Our atmosphere is filled with tiny dust particles that scatter light in random directions when they're small enough; e.g., about 1/2 a micron. The probability of a photon being scattered in a random direction by such a particle is proportional to 1 over the fourth power of the wavelength. So since blue has a shorter wavelength, it gets scattered much more often, leaving long wavelength red light as what we see. So every beam of light from the Sun that hits the shadowed part of the moon passes through the Earth's entire atmosphere first, and all the violet, blue, and green light is scattered away in random directions,leaving only yellow, orange, and red to hit the moon and light it!