IDThink he's being spiteful or think it's funny & punishing him will not teach him where to go & not to go potty...how old is Chloe?
My guys are pee pad trained bc I used to work FT & now we live in a condo w/no yard. They still get their daily walk & if their grandparents come over, we go out 2 x's a day. They do prefer to go outside & will hold it when they know we will be going out in the evening. Anyhow, I have their potty area in the bathroom & wrap a water bottle in pee pad, propped against the wall. The boys use this as a marker (I have 1 that lifts his leg & the other follows everything he does!) & they never mark anywhere else. I didn't have to teach them to go there, they just naturally used it. Hope it helps.