[Ellie May]

Well, I don't actually do any of it. I just stare at others while they do their jobs for now. lol.

Never heard of valve replacements for dogs. They are starting to get into kidney transplants though.

I've never seen a CT pup anesthetized. It really wouldn't be something a general vet would be anxious to do if it was bad enough to be a concern. They would probably send it to a specialist. Yes, intubation for gas anesthesia and oxygen to be delivered. Usually pre-med by injection (IM or IV but possibly SubQ). But on the rare occasion when the vet wants to do gas only (say if it's a liver compromised dog and there is concern about using anything besides Iso), then they are masked down (or tanked) with it before (a very quick) intubation. A cat here and there is just automatically injected or tanked just for a thorough exam and quick procedure because there is no way that some will let you do what you need to do.

Needles in the jugular and bladder are very common practice in vet med. Humans would freak if somebody tried to do that to them. For a urine culture in vet med, cystocentesis to obtain the sample is considered standard of care.

Dogs can usually handle an arsenic compound, melarsomine (Immiticide), being injected into them to treat heartworm disease.

Dogs have a space to inject things subcutaneously whereas that really isn't an option for humans.