Hi and welcome to YT.
Congratulations on your new pup!
Do you know how soon before you picked her up that she had the shots?
I would first say it may just be car sickness but if she carried on vomitting while at home then I think not. If she had the shots not long before you picked her up it could be because of those.
Gemy is right you should take the pup to the vet within 48 hours (just for a check up, its the norm when getting a new pup) then you can mention the vomitting.
How is she now? you could try her with some boiled chicken and rice to settle her tummy before you get her to a vet. Good luck and please post some pictures when you get a chance.