They have little garbage bag thingys for baby diapers that are fairly inexpensive and scented. They tie up tight and you can get them at Wal-Mart. Also, you may could try taping some of those cheap tree-shaped air fresheners IN the garbage can. (At least, that's what the people in my neighborhood suggest.)
I feel your pain. Our neighborhood recently decided to pass a similar rule where you have to store your garbage can either in the back of your house, or in your garage. The people with them in their garage say that the sweltering AL heat really gets them stinking. We have no garage and put in in the back yard. A couple times of the hound smelling something in there and knocking it over when she was out and we just got rid of ours! We use the neighbor's. Between us, we never even fill up the can. It's a nice agreement--we use his garbage can and in return, I cook extras for him once or twice a week. He's a single guy and welcomes the food!