[YorkieMother]

"JeanieK to qoute you . you said....your opinion is in the minority.".

I am not thinking so.

IPDTA, APTD, CPDT, CAPPDT are all dog training assoicaation in Canada and the USA, Those be the bog dog training associations in both counrties not including Truly Dog Freindly dog training assoication.

Then we get inot Austialia which be the APDT cool same letters as the US one and look what they post as there mission statement.

1. Definition of Dog Friendly
The Association of Pet Dog Trainers Australia Inc definition of "dog friendly" (as used in our Mission and Vision Statements and Code of Ethics) is:

"Dog friendly training is training that utilises primarily positive reinforcement, negative punishment and rarely, and as a last resort, includes negative reinforcement and/or positive punishment".

Definitions*
Positive Reinforcement
This is a reward (something pleasurable) that, when given immediately after a response, increases the probability of that same behavioural response occurring again. For example if a dog is rewarded for sitting by being given a tasty piece of food after being given the command "sit", then the dog is more likely to sit again next time that same command is given.
To be most effective the reward has to be
1. Immediate
2. Consistent
3. Desirable

Negative Punishment
The withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus or event that leads to a decrease in a behaviour is considered a negative punishment. For example, placing a dog into a sin bin, immediately after performing an unacceptable behaviour would be considered a negative punishment if it lead to a decrease in that behaviour. (N.B. from Ethics sub-committee: it is to be noted that in a training situation, the withdrawal of an expected reward is also considered negative punishment).

Negative Reinforcement
This is often confused with punishment. It is something unpleasant or aversive that, when it is removed immediately after a response, increases the probability of that response recurring. For example, loosening the choke chain after a dog stops pulling on it, teaches the dog that it is less painful to walk to heel than to pull on the lead.

Positive Punishment
While reinforcement, either positive or negative, increases the probability of the preceding response occurring again, punishment is intended to have the opposite effect. It decreases the probability of the preceding response occurring again. Positive punishment is the addition of an aversive stimulus or event. For example yelling at a dog or smacking would be considered a punishment only if it leads to a decrease in the behaviour……. (N.B. from Ethics sub-committee: positive punishment and negative reinforcement are also known in traditional training as 'avoidance' training methods)


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