We go out in all weather. They just go very quickly when it's rainy or snowy
Sometimes it takes a little extra encouragement or I have to go stand on the porch with them, but usually just when winter first hits in Nov/Dec, once they get used to it after a snowfall or two they are fine!
If you use the pads you can't just put them out and expect the pup to use them, you have to actually train them to use them.
Why don't you teach your puppy how to ring a bell so he can let you know when he needs to go out?