4am is tough....I feel for you. Dogs bark for different reasons: they may be lonely or afraid; they may be aggressive and asserting their dominance; they may be bored, hungry, or too cold or hot. They may be excited; they may want attention.
I would try to figure out why and then address the problem that way. Does he do it other times of the day or just 4am?
We learned the 'Quiet' command at obedience class also works well on pups that bark for no apparent reason. Be sure to have a pocket full of treats handy to reward your dog. When your pup starts on a barking binge, wait until he stops barking for a second or two and say 'Quiet'. Immediately give him a reward and praise him. Consistently use the 'Quiet' command over the next week or so, giving your pup a treat and praise, until he recognizes and understands the command. When you say 'Quiet' and your dog immediately looks for its treat, you know he understands the command. You can now use this command to curb his barking behavior. If your pup continues to bark, say 'No, Quiet' sharply and clearly to get the dogs attention and if he stops, give the dog a treat and praise. If the verbal correction did not stop him, put his leash on and remove him from the area until he is calmed down. Continue this 'Quiet' technique until it works every time and curbs his excessive barking behavior. Remember to be consistent.
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