Some defects with colors:
http://www.lsu.edu/deafness/VetJDeaf2004.pdf http://www.ivis.org/advances/Vite/braund20b/ivis.pdf
Color dilution alopecia... for odd colored
Canine non-inflammatory alopecia: What's new and what's old - - DVM
McGreevy also highlights one example of the effect breed standards can have on the physical form of a dog.
“In some cases, traits that are better regarded as defects have actually been included in breed standards,” he said. “For example, brachiocephaly (a skull abnormality which can lead to respiratory problems) is prompted by the standard for the Boston Terrier (American Kennel Club 1990: FCI Standard No140) that requires an animal to be ‘short headed’ and possess a ‘square head and jaw’ with a muzzle that ‘is short, square, wide and deep … shorter in length than in depth; not exceeding in length approximately one-third of the length of the skull'.”
There have also been findings into coat colour and the possibility that some pigments are linked with aggression and other problems.
“There is definitely an association between pigmentation and neurological defects, such as deafness and eye disorders in merle dogs, in which both homozygotes and heterozygotes are affected (Klinckmann et al 1986). Breeding for hypo-pigmentation is a questionable strategy,” he said.
Sadly, it seems the more we continue to breed for aesthetic and superficial qualities, the greater the risk our canine companions face of suffering from health and behavioural problems.
The problems with limited gene pools have also been well documented and studies have shown that even the best-bred dogs still carry at least one deleterious recessive gene.
from
The Great Debate - Designer Dogs Dog Breeding - Dogs Life Articles - Dog Information - Dog Breeders - Dog Training
I know they aren't enough and it's way past my bed time
I think vets in universities are more knowledgeable about up to date journals and studies.
You may also read the books mentioned in the Goldenray site.