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Canine Brucellosis in Michigan
The Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDA) received confirmation of canine brucellosis (CB) in five Michigan breeding kennels that sold small, mixed breed, and pure bred dogs in Michigan. The Missaukee, Osceola, Wexford, and Van Buren county kennels have been quarantined and MDA is in the process of notifying purchasers.
Canine brucellosis is a contagious bacterial disease that causes abortions, death of puppies shortly after birth, and chronic health problems in older dogs. Canine brucellosis is a reportable disease and an emerging concern in dog breeding facilities and “puppy mills” in Michigan. There is no vaccine for the disease and no long-term cure. Antibiotics will control the infection and spaying dogs will minimize the risk of transmission to almost zero.
CB is considered a zoonotic disease, even though the risk of actual human infection from a pet is very low. Although people can get CB from infected pets, transmission is very rare. It is mostly transmitted through handling birthing tissues from an infected dog, although it can be transmitted in water and food dishes, in urine, and in feces. Even though most dog infections generally do not result in human illness, people with weakened immune systems are more susceptible and should not handle dogs known to be infected with canine brucellosis. There is also a higher risk to people working in infected kennels.
MDA has limited information that CB might be present in other canine populations. An individual in Macomb County adopted a rescued dog from an animal shelter. The recently spayed female dog had signs of illness and the owner brought it to her veterinarian. The dog was tested and found positive for CB. The veterinarian treated the dog with a course of antibiotics. The dog is home and is not considered infectious.
To limit the potential spread of infection, the State Veterinarian strongly recommends pet shops purchasing puppies for resale require the kennel of origin to provide evidence that all animals are tested negative for brucellosis. This includes puppies from kennels in other states.
The State Veterinarian also recommends sexually intact dogs from unknown backgrounds, adopted or rescued from animal shelters, be screened for canine brucellosis. Note that state law requires adopted dogs and cats to be spayed and neutered by the new owners, so we have a public health safeguard.
MDA actions to contain canine brucellosis:
The breeding kennels have been quarantined and depopulated at the owner’s expense, or are on a test-and-remove program. With test-and-remove, the kennel remains quarantined, with no sales allowed, until there is no infection.
When possible, people who purchased or traded dogs from these kennels have been contacted. We are contacting families in the vicinities of infected breeding kennels as some neighbors’ dogs were allowed to breed at the kennels. Unfortunately, some of the kennel operators do not have complete records, so the following additional steps will be taken.
We are asking veterinarians statewide to be on heightened alert for CB in small, mixed breed, and pure bred small dogs from shelters. The Michigan Veterinary Medical Association (MVMA) is assisting MDA by contacting practicing veterinarians. Veterinarians and their staff exposed to the blood, or placentas, of infected dogs are at risk.
Link to it: MDA - Canine Brucellosis in Michigan Hugs, Lee