You might need to shovel off a little area so that your little one can sniff some ground without too much snow on it. It's possible he can't find a scent or just feels it's too darn cold to possibly set his little bottom down on that snow. I wouldn't want to poop in the snow either.
If he isn't used to potty pads maybe allow him to go in your garage or a patio area with papers down or something.
Hang in there, spring is coming!!