^^I agree with this, and Karen, you are qualified to give walking advice.
Max recently developed an obsession with sniffing and marking outside. I'm now forcing him to stay on the road and giving him only designated spots to take breaks for marking. He understands when I say, "let's go to the end of the road," or "let's go to the creek." When we are in an unfamiliar area and wants to dawdle and mark, I make the clicking/smacking sound and say "let's go."